The Way of All Flesh (ePub)

Samuel Butler (1835-1902) was an English novelist, essayist, and critic, recognized mainly for his satirical and probing literary style. Born on December 4, 1835, in Langar, Nottinghamshire, he was the son of the Rev. Thomas Butler, which influenced much of his skeptical views on Victorian religiosity, reflected in his works. Butler's education at Shrewsbury School and St John's College, Cambridge, led him initially towards a clerical career path that he would ultimately renounce, embracing instead, a life dedicated to the arts and literature.

Butler's literary achievements are predominantly underscored by his semi-autobiographical novel, 'The Way of All Flesh,' published posthumously in 1903. The book, a scathing critique of Victorian-era hypocrisy and the fallacies of family and societal pressures, remained unpublished during Butler's life due to its controversial content for the era. The narrative's richly detailed character studies and the interplay between free will and determinism were groundbreaking, forecasting narrative techniques that would resonate with the modernist literary movement. Butler's unique blend of irony, philosophical inquiry, and psychological depth did not just craft a literary career but also influenced literary modernism, propelling his work to be revisited by contemporary scholars with fresh interest. Though 'The Way of All Flesh' represents his most celebrated legacy, Butler's wide-ranging oeuvre, which includes 'Erewhon' (1872) and 'Erewhon Revisited' (1901), continues to be studied for its forward-thinking views on topics like evolution, existentialism, and the critique of mechanical thought. Samuel Butler's contributions as a prolific thinker and author endure in the pantheon of English literature.