Asymmetric Synthesis of Non-Proteinogenic Amino-Acids

Introduction1. NON-PROTEIN ALPHA-AMINO ACIDS, ASPECTS OF THEIR APPLICATION1.1. Natural Origin, Biological Functions1.2. Amino Acids as Radiopharmaceuticals in PET Diagnostics2. NATURAL SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDS, MECHANISMS AND MODELING2.1. Regularity of Mechanisms for the Natural Synthesis of Amino Acids2.2. Systems for Modeling Some Aspects of Pyridoxal Enzyme Action2.3. Modeling of Processes Associated with Cleavage of C-alpha-H and C-alpha-C-beta Bonds2.4. Modelling of alpha. beta-Elimination Processes of PP-Catalysis, Kinetics and Stereochemistry2.5. Biomimetic Addition Reaction of Nucleophiles to Co(III) Complexes Of Dehydroaminobutyric Acid3. ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESIS OF NON-PROTEIN ALPHA-AMINO ACIDS3.1. The Main Rules of Asymmetric Synthesis3.2. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis3.3. Stoichiometric Asymmetric Synthesis of Alpha-Amino Acids

Ashot Saghyan is Director of the Scientific and Production Center "Armbiotechnology" of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia. In 1985, he accomplished his post-graduate studies under the supervision of Prof. Yu. N. Belokon' at the A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. In 1997, he defended his doctoral thesis. He has been working for the Institute of Biotechnology first as a researcher, head of the Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and since 2000 as director. At the same time he is head of the Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department of Yerevan State University (since 2003). In 2006, he was elected Corresponding Member and, in 2010, Full Member of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia. Saghyan has authored over 400 scientific publications and has received a number of scientific awards, e.g. European R. Descartes Prize. He is a long-term editor-in-chief of the Chemical Journal of Armenia.Peter Langer studied chemistry at the University of Hannover and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT, USA). In February 1997 he obtained his Dr. rer. nat. at the University of Hannover. During a postdoctoral period in Cambridge (UK) he worked on the synthesis of oligosaccharides. In 1998 he moved to the University of Göttingen where he completed his habilitation in July 2001. In April 2002 he took a permanent position as a full professor (C4) atthe University of Greifswald. In December 2004 Peter Langer moved to a new position as a full professor (C4) at the University of Rostock. Since July 2005 he isalso affiliated to the Leibniz-Institute of Catalysis e. V. at the University of Rostock (LIKAT) as the head of the division `organic synthesis'. Prof. Langer is coauthorof more than 600 research papers and reviews. His research is focused on the development of new synthetic methods and their application to the synthesis of biologically relevant ring systems. Professor