Boyle, M: Human Geography

International Division of Labor (NIDL) 81The post-Fordist economy 82Three Emerging Economic Spaces: Consolidating the Core or Rebalancing in Favor of the Semi-periphery and Periphery? 84World cities 84High-technology clusters 87The Tiger economies of Southeast Asia 88The Future of the Ultra-periphery: The UNDP Millennium Development Goals 91Conclusion 94Checklist of Key Ideas 95Chapter Essay Questions 95References 96Guidance for Further Reading 965 The Rise and Fall of Great Powers: Nation States, Empires, and Geopolitics 98Chapter Learning Objectives 98Introduction 99The Political Geography of Rule 99The ideas of the sovereign state, nations, and nation states 99The demise of the nation state and rise of a new era of multilevel governance 103Geopolitics and International Relations 107The rise and fall of European empires 107The European colonial (mis)adventure in Africa 113The Cold War 118The clash of civilizations? 124Conclusion 129Checklist of Key Ideas 129Chapter Essay Questions 130References 131Guidance for Further Reading 1316 The West in the Cultural Landscape: On Civilized Spaces and Unruly Places 133Chapter Learning Objectives 133Introduction 134Culture in the Rise of the West 134A brief introduction to Western culture 134Ferguson's "cultural" explanation for the rise of the West 136Cultural Geography and the Study of Western Culture 139New Cultural Geography and the myth that West is best 139The West in the cultural landscape 142Civilizing Missions and Culture Wars: Civilized Spaces and Unruly Places 142Spaces of utopia and dystopia in the Western imagination 142One-dimensional space: the West's identikit worlds 148The Western frontier and places beyond the pale 149Conclusion 155Checklist of Key Ideas 155Chapter Essay Questions 156References 156Guidance for Further Reading 1577 The Modern Rise in World Population from 1750 158Chapter Learning Objectives 158Introduction 159Origins of the Demographic Transition Model 160Stages in the Demographic Transition Model 162Geography of Demographic Transitions 164Demographic transitions in history 164Demographic transitions yet to unfold 165The Demographic Transition Model and Mortality Decline 168Explaining mortality decline 168Policies for improved global health 174The Demographic Transition Model and Fertility Decline 175Explaining fertility decline 175Policies for lowering and increasing fertility levels 176Demographic Transition: The Case of China from 1949 179Conclusion 184Checklist of Key Ideas 185Chapter Essay Questions 185References 186Guidance for Further Reading 1868 A Planet in Distress? Humanity's War on the Earth 188Chapter Learning Objectives 188Introduction 189Population Pessimists: The Earth's Carrying Capacity, Overshoot, and Collapse 189Population Optimists: Population, the Ultimate Resource 197Population Neutralists: Political Ecology, Society, and Nature 198Climate Change: The Battleground for the Twenty-First Century? 205Conclusion 211Checklist of Key Ideas 211Chapter Essay Questions 212References 212Guidance for Further Reading 2139 Homo Urbanus: Urbanization and Urban Form from 1800 215Chapter Learning Objectives 216Introduction 216Capitalism and the Urbanization of the Surface of the Earth 217Urbanization and Urban Form: The Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Industrial City 218This rise of homo urbanus in Europe from 1800 218Capitalism and the emergence of the industrial city 219Modeling the form of the industrial city 220Voices of Decline: the death of the industrial city? 222Toward a New Era of Planetary Urbanization 225Urbanization trends 1950-2050 226Los Angeles: our postmetropolis future? 228Megalopolis: the rise of urban galaxies? 230Planet of slums: megacities in the Global South 232The Chinese Experience of Urbanization 233Conclusion 236Checklist of Key Ideas 237Chapter Essay Questions 237References 238Guidance for Further Reading 23810 Global Migration: Moving, Settling, Staying Connected 240Chapter Learning Objectives 240Introduction 241Great Diasporas in Human History 241International Migration Today 244Global South to Global South 247Global South to Global North 247Global North to Global North 250Global North to Global South 250Assimilating and Integrating into Host Societies 251The Impacts of Migration on Sending States and Host Countries 258Conclusion 262Checklist of Key Ideas 263Chapter Essay Questions 263References 264Guidance for Further Reading 26411 At Risk: Society and Natural Hazards 266Chapter Learning Objectives 266Introduction 267Gilbert White: Pioneering Human Geographical Interest in Natural Hazards 268There is Nothing Natural about Natural Disasters: Risk = Exposure × Vulnerability (R = E × V) 270Mapping the World at Risk 273Toward a Safer Future: Resilience, Transition, and Transformation 276Hazards and their impacts 1900-2011 276The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2015 283Conclusion 289Checklist of Key Ideas 289Chapter Essay Questions 290References 290Guidance for Further Reading 29112 Toward a Postcolonial Human Geography 292Chapter Learning Objectives 292Introduction 293Explanation in Human Geography: Four Stories of the West and the World 294Toward a Postcolonial Human Geography 297Conclusion 299Checklist of Key Ideas 300Chapter Essay Questions 300References 300Guidance for Further Reading 301Glossary 302List of Abbreviations 312Index 314