Liquid-State Physical Chemistry

PREFACE INTRODUCTION The Importance of Liquids Solids, Gases, and Liquids Outline and Approach Notation BASIC MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC CONCEPTS: THERMODYNAMICS, CLASSICAL, AND QUANTUM MECHANICS Thermodynamics Classical Mechanics Quantum Concepts Approximate Solutions BASIC ENERGETICS: INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONSPreliminaries Electrostatic Interaction Induction InteractionDispersion Interaction The Total Interaction Model Potentials Refinements The Virial Theorem DESCRIBING LIQUIDS: PHENOMENOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR Phase Behavior Equations of State Corresponding States THE TRANSITION FROM MICROSCOPIC TO MACROSCOPIC: STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS Statistical Thermodynamics Perfect Gases The Semi-Classical Approximation A Few General Aspects Internal Contributions Real Gases DESCRIBING LIQUIDS: STRUCTURE AND ENERGETICSThe Structure of Solids The Meaning of Structure for Liquids The Experimental Determination of g(r) The Structure of Liquids Energetics The Potential of Mean Force MODELING THE STRUCTURE OF LIQUIDS: THE INTEGRAL EQUATION APPROACH The Vital Role of the Correlation Function Integral Equations Hard-Sphere Results Perturbation Theory Molecular Fluids Final Remarks MODELING THE STRUCTURE OF LIQUIDS: THE PHYSICAL MODEL APPROACHPreliminaries Cell Models Hole Models Significant Liquid Structures Scaled-Particle Theory MODELING THE STRUCTURE OF LIQUIDS: THE SIMULATION APPROACH Preliminaries Molecular Dynamics The Monte Carlo Method An Example: Ammonia DESCRIBING THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS: POLAR LIQUIDS Basic Aspects Towards a Microscopic Interpretation Dielectric Behavior of Gases Dielectric Behavior of Liquids Water MIXING LIQUIDS: MOLECULAR SOLUTIONS Basic Aspects Ideal and Real Solutions Colligative Properties Ideal Behavior in Statistical Terms The Regular Solution Model A Slightly Different Approach The Activity Coefficient for Other Composition Measures Empirical ImprovementsTheoretical Improvements MIXING LIQUIDS: IONIC SOLUTIONS Ions in Solution The Born Model and

Gijsbertus de With is full professor in materials science. He graduated from Utrecht State University and received his PhD in 1977 from the University of Twente on the 'Structure and charge distribution of molecular crystals'. In the same year he joined Philips Research Laboratories, Eindhoven. In 1985 he was appointed part-time professor and in 1996 he became full professor at the Eindhoven University of Technology. Since 2006 he is also chairman of the Soft Matter CryoTEM Research Unit. His research interests cover structural and interfacial phenomena in relation to the processing and behavior of multi-phase materials. He has (co)-authored more than 250 research papers and holds about 20 patents. He is a member of the Advisory board of the J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. and is presently co-organizer of the annual Coatings Science International conferences. In 2006 his two-volume monograph Structure, Deformation, and Integrity of Materials was published.