The Broca-Wernicke Doctrine

0. PREFACE.- Personal experience.- What we can learn from (everyday) patient cases.- Classical authors with modern opinions.- 1. BROCA & THE BIRTH OF LOCALIZATION THEORIES.- Gall.- Flourens.- Bouillaud & Broca.- 2. WERNICKE & CONNECTIONISM.- Meynert.- The symptom-complex of aphasia, part I.- The symptom-complex of aphasia, part II.- The symptom-complex of aphasia, part III.- 3. APHASIA AND/OR AGNOSIA ?.- Lissauer.- Freund.- 4. THE DIAGRAM MAKERS AND THEIR CRITICS.- Lichtheim.- Kussmaul.- Hughlings Jackson.- Freud.- Marie, Head & the decline of localism.- 5. NAMING AND NUMBERING THE CONVOLUTIONS.- Ecker, Leuret & Gratiolet: order out of chaos.- Microscopic carthography.- Brodmann & Campbell's view on Broca's area.- Language areas defined in terms of gyri and sulci.- The planum temporale.- Some concluding remarks.- 6. MAPPING AND LESIONING THE LIVING BRAIN.- Fritsch & Hitzig.- Ferrier.- Sherrington: the primate motor strip.- Krause, Foerster &Penfield : the human motor strip.- Bartholow & Cushing: first experiences from conscious patients.- Penfield's speech and brain mechanisms.- Ojemann: expanding the language territory.- Duffau: subcortical pathways & hodology.- Electrical stimulation mapping: gold standard.- 7. NEO-CONNECTIONISM, NEURODYNAMICS & LARGE-SCALE NETWORKS.- Geschwind.- Luria.- Computational models & parallel processing.- Language and evolution.- Homologue language areas in non-human primates.- More recent language models: Mesulam, Hickok & Poeppel.- The phonological loop.- 8. FUNCTIONAL NEUROIMAGING.- Early landmark studies.- Beyond single word processing.- A comparison to classic language models.- Intersubject variability.- The problem of averaging.- Hemispheric dominance.- 9. NEURAL PLASTICITY & REHABILITATION.- Early studies.- Diaschisis.- Equipotentiality.- Lashley.- Critical period.- 10. BEYOND LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS.- 11. SYNOPSIS.

Geert-Jan Rutten works as a neurosurgeon at the St Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital in Tilburg (the Netherlands), where he has a special interest in brain tumour surgery and functional brain mapping. He is also involved in research that focuses on the relationship between brain, cognition and behaviour in neurosurgical patients.

"Geert-Jan Rutten's book The Broca-Wernicke Doctrine offers an extraordinary journey through language localization, symptomatology, and its history. ... After reading this book, the reader will have a broad panorama of language in neuroscience ... . A must read for each neurosurgeon interested in the field of aphasia and also in localization of brain function." (Adrien Thomas May and Karl Schaller, Acta Neurochirurgica, Vol. 160 (2), February, 2018)


"Geert-Jan Rutten seeks to clarify historical and current concepts of how brain regions relate to language and other functions. The result is an entertaining and enlightening tour of the history of cerebral neuroscience. ... This book is clearly targeted to neurosurgeons and neuroscientists and includes an appropriate level of scientific detail, yet it is consistently engaging and easy to read with logical organization and excellent summaries." (Jonathan Miller, Neurosurgery, January, 2018)