Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment

System Identification. Time and Date Routines. Summary. 7. Process Environment. Introduction. main Function. Process Termination. Command-Line Arguments. Environment List. Memory Layout of a C Program. Shared Libraries. Memory Allocation. Environment Variables. setjmp and longjmp Functions. getrlimit and setrlimit Functions. Summary. 8. Process Control. Introduction. Process Identifiers. fork Function. vfork Function. exit Functions. waitand waitpid Functions. waitid Function. wait3and wait4Functions. Race Conditions. exec Functions. Changing User IDs and Group IDs. Interpreter Files. system Function. Process Accounting. User Identification. Process Times. Summary. 9. Process Relationships. Introduction. Terminal Logins. Network Logins. Process Groups. Sessions. Controlling Terminal. tcgetpgrp, tcsetpgrp, and tcgetsid Functions. Job Control. Shell Execution of Programs. Orphaned Process Groups. FreeBSD Implementation. Summary. 10. Signals. Introduction. Signal Concepts. signal Function. Unreliable Signals. Interrupted System Calls. Reentrant Functions. SIGCLD Semantics. Reliable-Signal Terminology and Semantics. killand raise Functions. alarmand pause Functions. Signal Sets. sigprocmask Function. sigpending Function. sigaction Function. sigsetjmp and siglongjmp Functions. sigsuspend Function. abort Function. system Function. sleep Function. Job-Control Signals. Additional Features. Summary. 11. Threads. Introduction. Thread Concepts. Thread Identification. Thread Creation. Thread Termination. Thread Synchronization. Summary. 12. Thread Control. Introduction. Thread Limits. hread Attributes. Synchronization Attributes. Reentrancy. Thread-Specific Data. Cancel Options. Threads and Signals. Threads and fork. Threads and I/O. Summary. 13. Daemon Processes. Introduction. Daemon Characteristics. Coding Rules. Error Logging. Single-Instance Daemons. Daemon Conventions. Client-Server Model. Summary. 14. Advanced I/O. Introduction. Nonblocking I/O. Record Locking. STREAMS. I/O Multiplexing. 2 poll Function. Asynchronous I/O. readv and writev Functions. readn and written Functions. Memory-Mapped I/O. Summary. 15. Interprocess Communication. Introduction. Pipes. popen and pclose Functions. Coprocesses. FIFOs. XSI IPC. Message Queues. Semaphores. Shared Memory. Client-Server Properties. Summary. 16. Network IPC: Sockets. Introduction. Socket Descriptors. Addressing. Connection Establishment. Data Transfer. Socket Options. Out-of-Band Data. Nonblocking and Asynchronous I/O. Summary. 17 Advanced IPC. Introduction. STREAMS-Based Pipes. Unique Connections. Passing File Descriptors. An Open Server, Version 1. An Open Server, Version 2. Summary. 18. Terminal I/O. Introduction. Overview. Special Input Characters. Getting and Setting Terminal Attributes. Terminal Option Flags. stty Command. Baud Rate Functions. Line Control Functions. Terminal Identification. Canonical Mode. Noncanonical Mode. Terminal Window Size. termcap, terminfo, and curses. Summary. 19. Pseudo Terminals. Introduction. Overview. Opening Pseudo-Terminal Devices. pty_fork Function. pty Program. Using the pty Program. Advanced Features. Summary. 20. A Database Library. Introduction. History. The Library. Implementation Overview. Centralized or Decentralized? Concurrency. Building the Library. Source Code. Performance. Summary. 21. Communicating with a Network Printer. Introduction. The Inter net Printing Protocol. The Hypertext Transfer Protocol. Printer Spooling. Source Code. Summary. Appendix A. Function Prototypes. Appendix B. Miscellaneous Source Code. Our Header File. Standard Error Routines. Appendix C. Solutions to Selected Exercises. Bibliography. Index.