Agitator Design for Gas-Liquid Fermenters and Bioreactors
(Sprache: Englisch)
AGITATOR DESIGN FOR GAS-LIQUID FERMENTERS AND BIOREACTORS
Explore the basic principles and concepts of the design of agitation systems for fermenters and bioreactors
Agitator Design for Gas-Liquid Fermenters and Bioreactors delivers a...
Explore the basic principles and concepts of the design of agitation systems for fermenters and bioreactors
Agitator Design for Gas-Liquid Fermenters and Bioreactors delivers a...
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Klappentext zu „Agitator Design for Gas-Liquid Fermenters and Bioreactors “
AGITATOR DESIGN FOR GAS-LIQUID FERMENTERS AND BIOREACTORSExplore the basic principles and concepts of the design of agitation systems for fermenters and bioreactors
Agitator Design for Gas-Liquid Fermenters and Bioreactors delivers a concise treatment and explanation of how to design mechanically sound agitation systems that will perform the agitation process function efficiently and economically. The book covers agitator fundamentals, impeller systems, optimum power and air flow at peak mass transfer calculations, optimizing operation for minimum energy per batch, heat transfer surfaces and calculations, shaft seal considerations, mounting methods, mechanical design, and vendor evaluation.
The accomplished author has created a practical and hands-on tool that discusses the subject of agitation systems from first principles all the way to implementation in the real world. Step-by-step processes are included throughout the book to assist engineers, chemists, and other scientists in the design, construction, installation, and maintenance of these systems.
Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of:
* A thorough introduction to the design of gas-liquid fermenters and bioreactors
* An exploration of agitator fundamentals, impeller systems, optimum power, and air flow at peak mass transfer calculations
* A discussion of how to optimize operation for minimum energy per batch
* Step-by-step processes to assist engineers, chemists, and scientists
* An examination of heat transfer surfaces and calculations, shaft seal considerations, mounting methods, and mechanical design
Perfect for chemical engineers, mechanical engineers, process engineers, chemists, and materials scientists, Agitator Design for Gas-Liquid Fermenters and Bioreactors will also earn a place in the libraries of pharmaceutical scientists seeking a one-stop resource for designing mechanically sound agitation systems.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „Agitator Design for Gas-Liquid Fermenters and Bioreactors “
Preface xixForeword xxi
Foreword for Greg Benz xxiii
1 Purpose of Agitator Design 1
References 2
2 Major Steps in Successful Agitator Design 3
Define Process Results 3
Define Process Conditions 5
Choose Tank Geometry 6
Calculate Equivalent Power/Airflow Combinations for Equal Mass Transfer Rate 7
Choose Minimum Combined Power 7
Choose Shaft Speed; Size Impeller System to Draw Required Gassed Power 7
Decision Point: D/T and Gassing Factors OK? 8
Mechanical Design 8
Decision Point: Is the Mechanical Design Feasible? 8
Repeat to Find Lowest Cost 8
Repeat for Different Aspect Ratios 9
Repeat for Different Process Conditions 9
Finish 9
Summary of Chapter 10
List of Symbols 10
References 10
3 Agitator Fundamentals 11
Agitated Tank Terminology 11
Prime Mover 11
Reducer 13
Shaft Seal 13
Wetted Parts 13
Tank Dimensions 14
How Agitation Parameters Are Calculated 14
Reynolds Number 15
Power Number 16
Pumping Number 17
Dimensionless Blend Time 17
Aeration Number 18
Gassing Factor 18
Nusselt Number 18
Froude Number 19
Prandtl Number 19
Geometric Ratios 20
Baffle Number 20
Dimensionless Hydraulic Force 20
Thrust Number 21
Typical Dimensionless Number Curves 21
A Primer on Rheology 25
Newtonian Model 26
Pseudoplastic
or Shear Thinning, Model (Aka Power Law Fluid) 27
Bingham Plastic 27
Herschel-Bulkley 27
Impeller Apparent Viscosity 29
A Bit of Impeller Physics 29
Summary of Chapter 31
List of Symbols 31
Greek Letters 32
References 32
4 Agitator Behavior under Gassed Conditions
... mehr
35
Flooding 35
Kla Method 35
Power Draw Method 36
Visual Flow Pattern Method 37
Effect on Power Draw 38
Holdup 39
Example of Holdup Calculation 40
Holdup "War Story" 40
Variable Gas Flow Operation 40
Mechanical Effects 42
Summary of Chapter 42
List of Symbols 42
References 43
5 Impeller Types Used in Fermenters 45
Impeller Flow Patterns 45
Axial Flow 46
Radial Flow 47
Mixed Flow 47
Chaos Flow 48
Examples of Axial Flow Impellers 49
Low Solidity 49
High Solidity 52
Up-pumping vs. Down Pumping 55
Examples of Radial Flow Impellers 56
Straight Blade Impeller 56
Disc, aka Rushton, Turbines 57
Smith Turbines 62
CD-6 Turbine by Chemineer; aka Smith Turbine by Many Manufacturers 62
Deeply Concave Turbines 66
Deep Asymmetric Concave Turbine with Overhang (BT-6) 68
Examples of Mixed Flow Impellers 73
Examples of Chaos Impellers 74
Shear Effects 76
Specialty Impellers 78
Summary of Chapter 80
List of Symbols 80
References 81
6 Impeller Systems 83
Why Do We Need a System? 83
Reaction Engineering 83
Fermenter History 84
Steps to Impeller System Design 85
Choose Number of Impellers 86
Choose Placement of Impellers 86
Choose Type(s) of Impellers 87
Choose Power Split or Distribution
Flooding 35
Kla Method 35
Power Draw Method 36
Visual Flow Pattern Method 37
Effect on Power Draw 38
Holdup 39
Example of Holdup Calculation 40
Holdup "War Story" 40
Variable Gas Flow Operation 40
Mechanical Effects 42
Summary of Chapter 42
List of Symbols 42
References 43
5 Impeller Types Used in Fermenters 45
Impeller Flow Patterns 45
Axial Flow 46
Radial Flow 47
Mixed Flow 47
Chaos Flow 48
Examples of Axial Flow Impellers 49
Low Solidity 49
High Solidity 52
Up-pumping vs. Down Pumping 55
Examples of Radial Flow Impellers 56
Straight Blade Impeller 56
Disc, aka Rushton, Turbines 57
Smith Turbines 62
CD-6 Turbine by Chemineer; aka Smith Turbine by Many Manufacturers 62
Deeply Concave Turbines 66
Deep Asymmetric Concave Turbine with Overhang (BT-6) 68
Examples of Mixed Flow Impellers 73
Examples of Chaos Impellers 74
Shear Effects 76
Specialty Impellers 78
Summary of Chapter 80
List of Symbols 80
References 81
6 Impeller Systems 83
Why Do We Need a System? 83
Reaction Engineering 83
Fermenter History 84
Steps to Impeller System Design 85
Choose Number of Impellers 86
Choose Placement of Impellers 86
Choose Type(s) of Impellers 87
Choose Power Split or Distribution
... weniger
Autoren-Porträt von Gregory T. Benz
Gregory T. Benz, P.E., is the President of Benz Technology International, an engineering consulting firm and Chinese business development corporation. He has authored numerous articles, conducted more than 50 seminars, and holds a patent on a nonrotating, nonseal method of mechanically agitating tanks.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autor: Gregory T. Benz
- 2021, 1. Auflage, 448 Seiten, Maße: 1 x 23,7 cm, Gebunden, Englisch
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- ISBN-10: 1119650496
- ISBN-13: 9781119650492
- Erscheinungsdatum: 13.04.2021
Sprache:
Englisch
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