Applied Biophysics
A Molecular Approach for Physical Scientists
(Sprache: Englisch)
This book presents molecular biophysics, with a nuts and bolts approach, with the connection made from molecules to biological phenomena. The physical toolbox presented within this text will form a basis for students to enter into a wide range of pure and...
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This book presents molecular biophysics, with a nuts and bolts approach, with the connection made from molecules to biological phenomena. The physical toolbox presented within this text will form a basis for students to enter into a wide range of pure and applied bioengineering fields in medical, food and pharmaceutical areas. .
Klappentext zu „Applied Biophysics “
This text presents a 'nuts and bolts' approach to the topic of biophysics. The presentation focuses on the simple underlying concepts and demonstrates them using a series of up-to-date applications.The book aims to explain the constructions and machinery of biological molecules, in a similar way as a civil engineer would examine the construction of a building or a mechanical engineer would examine the dynamics of a turbine. Little or no recourse is taken to the chemical side of the subject, instead modern physical ideas are introduced to explain aspects of the phenomena that are confronted. These ideas provide an alternative complementary set of tools to solve biophysical problems.
The book begins with a discussion of the biological building blocks and the mesoscopic forces that occur between them. It then moves on to discuss such aspects as phase transitions, liquid crystallinity, motility, self-assembly and surface phenomena. The author then applies these principles to the behaviour of biomacromolecules, charged ions, polymers, and membranes. Furthermore applications in continuum mechanics, chromosomal structure, biorheology and modern experimental techniques are explored. Each chapter concludes with tutorial questions to challenge the reader as they progress through the text.
It is hoped that the approach taken within this text will appeal to physical scientists at all levels who are confronted with biological questions for the first time, as they become involved in the current biotechnological revolution
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „Applied Biophysics “
PrefaceAcknowledgements
1 The Building Blocks
1.1 Proteins
1.2 Lipids
1.3 Nucleic Acids
1.4 Carbohydrates
1.5 Water
1.6 Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins
1.7 Cells (Complex Constructs of Biomolecules)
1.8 Viruses (Complex Constructs of Biomolecules)
1.9 Bacteria (Complex Constructs of Biomolecules)
1.10 Other Molecules
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
2 Mesoscopic Forces
2.1 Cohesive Forces
2.2 Hydrogen Bonding
2.3 Electrostatics
2.4 Steric and Fluctuation Forces
2.5 Depletion Forces
2.6 Hydrodynamic Interactions
2.7 Direct Experimental Measurements of Intermolecular and Surface Forces
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
3 Phase Transitions
3.1 The Basics
3.2 Helix-Coil Transition
3.3 Globule-Coil Transition
3.4 Crystallisation
3.5 Liquid-Liquid Demixing (Phase Separation)
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
4 Liquid Crystallinity
4.1 The Basics
4.2 Liquid-Nematic-Smectic Transitions
4.3 Defects
4.4 More Exotic Possibilities for Liquid Crystalline Phases
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
5 Motility
5.1 Diffusion
5.2 Low Reynold's Number Dynamics
5.3 Motility
5.4 First Passage Problem
5.5 Rate Theories of Chemical Reactions
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
6 Aggregating Self-Assembly
6.1 Surfactants
6.2 Viruses
6.3 Self-Assembly of Proteins
6.4 Polymerisation of Cytoskeletal Filaments (Motility)
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
7 Surface Phenomena
7.1 Surface Tension
7.2 Adhesion
7.3 Wetting
7.4 Capillarity
7.5 Experimental Techniques
7.6 Friction
7.7 Other Surface Phenomena
Further Reading
Tutorial Question
8 Biomacromolecules
8.1 Flexibility of Macromolecules
8.2 Good/Bad Solvents and the Size of Polymers
8.3 Elasticity
8.4 Damped Motion of Soft Molecules
8.5 Dynamics of Polymer Chains
8.6 Topology of Polymer Chains - Super Coiling
Further
... mehr
Reading
Tutorial Questions
9 Charged Ions and Polymers
9.1 Electrostatics
9.2 Debye-Huckel Theory
9.3 Ionic Radius
9.4 The Behaviour of Polyelectrolytes
9.5 Donnan Equilibria
9.6 Titration Curves
9.7 Poisson-Boltzmann Theory for Cylindrical Charge Distributions
9.8 Charge Condensation
9.9 Other Polyelectrolyte Phenomena
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
10 Membranes
10.1 Undulations
10.2 Bending Resistance
10.3 Elasticity
10.4 Intermembrane Forces
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
11 Continuum Mechanics
11.1 Structural Mechanics
11.2 Composites
11.3 Foams
11.4 Fracture
11.5 Morphology
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
12 Biorheology
12.1 Storage and Loss Moduli
12.2 Rheological Functions
12.3 Examples from Biology
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
13 Experimental Techniques
13.1 Static Scattering Techniques
13.2 Dynamic Scattering Techniques
13.3 Osmotic Pressure
13.4 Force Measurement
13.5 Electrophoresis
13.6 Sedimentation
13.7 Rheology
13.8 Tribology
13.9 Solid Properties
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
14 Motors
14.1 Self-assembling Motility - Polymerisation of Actin and Tubulin
14.2 Parallelised Linear Stepper Motors - Striated Muscle
14.3 Rotatory Motors
14.4 Ratchet Models
14.5 Other Systems
Further Reading
Tutorial Question
15 Structural Biomaterials
15.1 Cartilage - Tough Shock Absorber in Human Joints
15.2 Spider Silk
15.3 Elastin and Resilin
15.4 Bone
15.5 Adhesive Proteins
15.6 Nacre and Mineral Composites
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
16 Phase Behaviour of DNA
16.1 Chromatin - Naturally Packaged DNA Chains
16.2 DNA Compaction - An Example of Polyelectrolyte Complexation
16.3 Facilitated Diffusion
Further Reading
Appendix
Answers to Tutorial Questions
Index
Tutorial Questions
9 Charged Ions and Polymers
9.1 Electrostatics
9.2 Debye-Huckel Theory
9.3 Ionic Radius
9.4 The Behaviour of Polyelectrolytes
9.5 Donnan Equilibria
9.6 Titration Curves
9.7 Poisson-Boltzmann Theory for Cylindrical Charge Distributions
9.8 Charge Condensation
9.9 Other Polyelectrolyte Phenomena
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
10 Membranes
10.1 Undulations
10.2 Bending Resistance
10.3 Elasticity
10.4 Intermembrane Forces
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
11 Continuum Mechanics
11.1 Structural Mechanics
11.2 Composites
11.3 Foams
11.4 Fracture
11.5 Morphology
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
12 Biorheology
12.1 Storage and Loss Moduli
12.2 Rheological Functions
12.3 Examples from Biology
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
13 Experimental Techniques
13.1 Static Scattering Techniques
13.2 Dynamic Scattering Techniques
13.3 Osmotic Pressure
13.4 Force Measurement
13.5 Electrophoresis
13.6 Sedimentation
13.7 Rheology
13.8 Tribology
13.9 Solid Properties
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
14 Motors
14.1 Self-assembling Motility - Polymerisation of Actin and Tubulin
14.2 Parallelised Linear Stepper Motors - Striated Muscle
14.3 Rotatory Motors
14.4 Ratchet Models
14.5 Other Systems
Further Reading
Tutorial Question
15 Structural Biomaterials
15.1 Cartilage - Tough Shock Absorber in Human Joints
15.2 Spider Silk
15.3 Elastin and Resilin
15.4 Bone
15.5 Adhesive Proteins
15.6 Nacre and Mineral Composites
Further Reading
Tutorial Questions
16 Phase Behaviour of DNA
16.1 Chromatin - Naturally Packaged DNA Chains
16.2 DNA Compaction - An Example of Polyelectrolyte Complexation
16.3 Facilitated Diffusion
Further Reading
Appendix
Answers to Tutorial Questions
Index
... weniger
Autoren-Porträt von Thomas Andrew Waigh
Tom A.Waigh, Biological Physics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, UK.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autor: Thomas Andrew Waigh
- 2007, 1. Auflage, 416 Seiten, Maße: 23,6 cm, Gebunden, Englisch
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- ISBN-10: 0470017171
- ISBN-13: 9780470017173
Sprache:
Englisch
Pressezitat
"Given the significant breadth and depth of this rapidly growing subject, Tom Waigh does a good job in providing a valuable bridge between physics and biology." ( The Higher Education Academy Physical Sciences Centre , June 2008)
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