Bioenergy Research

List of Contributors xiii
 
Foreword xvii
 
Acknowledgments xix
 
Biofuels Production Technologies: Recent Advancement xxi
 
1 Role of Enzymes in Biofuel Production 1
Ashok Kumar Yadav, Surabhi Pandey, Abhishek Dutt Tripathi and Veena Paul
 
1.1 Introduction 1
 
1.2 Biofuel Classification 2
 
1.3 Enzymes Role in Biofuels 3
 
1.4 Enzymatic Reaction 4
 
1.5 Enzyme Recovery and Reuse 4
 
1.6 Enzyme Immobilization 4
 
1.6.1 Adsorption on Physical Surface: Physical Adsorption 5
 
1.6.2 Ionic Bonding 5
 
1.6.3 Entanglement or Envelopment 6
 
1.6.4 Cross-Linkage 6
 
1.7 Unique Techniques of Enzyme Immobilization 6
 
1.8 Application of Various Enzymes in Biofuel Production 6
 
1.8.1 Amylases 6
 
1.8.2 Proteases 7
 
1.8.3 Dehydrogenases 7
 
1.8.4 Lipase 8
 
1.9 Biofuel Production Process 8
 
1.9.1 Bioethanol 8
 
1.9.2 Biohydrogen 11
 
1.9.3 Biomethane 11
 
1.9.4 Biodiesel 12
 
1.10 Production of Biodiesel by Enzymatic Catalysis 14
 
1.10.1 Batch Method 15
 
1.10.2 Continuous Stirred-Tank Method 15
 
1.10.3 Packed-Bed Columns 15
 
1.11 Future Prospects 16
 
1.12 Conclusion 16
 
References 17
 
2 Microbial Technology for Biofuel Production 19
Spriha Raven, Sashita Bindu Ekka, Stephen Edward Chattree, Shivani Smita Sadanand, Lipi Rina and Archana Tiwari
 
2.1 Introduction 19
 
2.2 Microbial Biofuel 20
 
2.3 Microbial Pathway for Biofuel Production 21
 
2.3.1 Sugar Conversion to Alcohols/Glycolytic Pathway 21
 
2.3.2 Butanol Synthetic Pathway/ABE Pathway 21
 
2.3.3 2-Keto Acid Pathways for Alcohols 22
 
2.3.4 2-Keto Acid Pathway for Iso-Butanol 22
 
2.3.5 Protein into Alcohol 22
 
2.4 Algal Biofuel Production 22
 
2.4.1 Microalgal Cultivation 23
 
2.4.2 Microalgae Harvesting

Neha Srivastava is a Research Scientist in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Varanasi, India.
 
Manish Srivastava is a SERB-Research Scientist in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Varanasi, India.