The Handbook of Language Variation and Change

List of Illustrations ix
 
List of Contributors xiii
 
Preface to the Second Edition xv
 
Studying Language Variation: An Informal Epistemology 1
J.K. Chambers
 
Part I Data Collection 17
 
1 Entering the Community: Fieldwork 19
Crawford Feagin
 
2 Data in the Study of Variation and Change 38
Tyler Kendall
 
3 Investigating Historical Variation and Change in Written Documents: New Perspectives 57
Edgar W. Schneider
 
Part II Evaluation 83
 
4 The Quantitative Paradigm 85
Robert Bayley
 
5 Sociophonetics 108
Erik R. Thomas
 
6 Comparative Sociolinguistics 128
Sali A. Tagliamonte
 
7 Language with an Attitude 157
Dennis R. Preston
 
Part III Linguistic Structure 183
 
8 Variation and Syntactic Theory 185
Ralph W. Fasold
 
9 Investigating Chain Shifts and Mergers 203
Matthew J. Gordon
 
10 Discourse Variation 220
Ronald Macaulay
 
Part IV Language and Time 237
 
11 Real Time and Apparent Time 239
Patricia Cukor-Avila and Guy Bailey
 
12 Child Language Variation 263
Julie Roberts
 
13 Adolescence 277
Sam Kirkham and Emma Moore
 
14 Patterns of Variation including Change 297
J.K. Chambers
 
Part V Social Differentiation 325
 
15 Investigating Stylistic Variation 327
Natalie Schilling
 
16 Social Class 350
Sharon Ash
 
17 Gender, Sex, Sexuality, and Sexual Identities 368
Robin Queen
 
18 Ethnicity 388
Carmen Fought
 
Part VI Domains 407
 
19 Social Networks 409
Lesley Milroy and Carmen Llamas
 
20 Communities of Practice 428
Miriam Meyerhoff and Anna Strycharz
 
21 Constructing Identity 448
Scott F. Kiesling
 
Part VII Contact 469
 
22 Space, Diffusion and Mobility 471
David Britain
 
23 Linguistic Outcomes of Bilingualism 501
Gillian Sankoff
 
24 Koineization 519
Paul Kerswill
 
25 Supraregionalisation and

J. K. Chambers is Professor of Linguistics at the University of Toronto. He is the author of Sociolinguistic Theory: Linguistic Variation and its Social Significance, Revised Edition (Wiley-Blackwell, 2009) and Dialectology, Second Edition (with P. Trudgill, 1998), as well as numerous other books and scores of articles. He works extensively as a forensic consultant and maintains a parallel vocation in jazz criticism, having published a prize-winning biography of Miles Davis, Milestones: The Music and Times of Miles Davis (1998) and a volume on the bebop pianist Richard Twardzik (2008).
 
Natalie Schilling is Associate Professor of Linguistics at Georgetown University. She is the author of American English: Dialects and Variation, Second Edition (with W. Wolfram, Wiley-Blackwell, 2006), Sustaining Linguistic Diversity: Endangered and Minority Languages and Language Varieties (with K. King, L. Fogle, J. J. Lou, and B. Soukup, 2008), and Sociolinguistic Fieldwork (2013). An expert in language variation and change in American English, she conducts workshops on sociolinguistics and education, as well as forensic linguistics, and is a noted consultant in both these fields.