Chemistry in the Laboratory

Preface
First-Day Instructions
Introduction
Safety Rules
Laboratory Regulations
Basic Laboratory Equipment and Procedures
Burets for Reduced Scale Titration (Microburets)
PART I
Scientific Measurements
Mass and Volume Relationships
Separations of Food Dyes by Paper Chromatography
Observing the Reactions of Household Chemicals
A Cycle of Copper Reactions
Synthesis of a Chemical Compound: Making Alum from Aluminum
The Chemistry of Oxygen: Basic and Acidic Oxides and the Periodic Table
Determination of a Chemical Formula: The Reaction of Iodine with Zinc
Determination of a Chemical Formula by Titration
Study Assignment: The Language of Chemistry: Chemical Nomenclature
PART II
The Estimation of Avogadro's Number
The Molar Volume of Dioxygen and Other Gases
The Molar Mass of a Gas
The Reactivity of Metals with Hydrochloric Acid
The Heat Capacity of Metals
Enthalpy Changes in Chemical Reactions: Hess's Law
The Enthalpy of Combustion of a Vegetable Oil
Emission Spectra and the Electronic Structure of Atoms
Ionic and Covalent Bonding
Study Assignment: Writing Lewis Structures
PART III
VSEPR Theory of Molecular Shapes
Intermolecular Forces
Liquids and Solids
Colligative Properties
Some Examples of Chemical Equilibria
Determination of an Equilibrium Constant by Spectrophotometry
Factors Affecting the Rates of Chemical Reactions
The Rate of a Chemical Reaction
The pH Scale and Acid-Base Titrations
Determination of the Molar Mass and Ionization Constant of a Weak Acid
The Chemistry of Natural Waters
The Solubility Product Constant of Calcium Iodate, Ca(IO3)2
The Qualitative Analysis of Some Alkaline Earth and Alkali Metal Ions
The Qualitative Analysis of Some Common Anions
Qualitative Analysis of Unlabeled Solutions:
Oxidation-Reduction
Redox Titrations
Electrochemical Cells
Electrochemical Puzzles
The Chemistry of Some Nonmetals
Equilibria of Coordination Compounds
Atmospheric Chemistry of Nitric Oxide
Ozone in the