Diagnostic measures in Oral PMDs and Oral SCC

Detection and early diagnosis of oral cancer plays a crucial role in successful treatment and clinical outcome. Various methods of detection have been evolved over the period of time, though direct visualization of oral cavity is the most widely used approach. Other vital staining techniques and exfoliative cytology are simple, quick, cost effective and chair side procedure. Newer techniques on exfoliated cells such as Liquid based cytology and cytomorphometry has greatly enhanced the sensitivity and specificity of the test. Abnormal metabolic or structural changes during pathological process, can be visualized by light-based detection systems. Other approaches like Optical coherent tomography, Raman spectroscopy, Optical coherence tomography, Confocal laser endomicroscopy can be employed for screening suspected cases in the near feature. Salivary biomarkers can be used as an adjuvant to other diagnostic methods specifically for predicting the risk of malignant transformation. Inthe present book all these techniques have been discussed along with the emphasis on findings of previously done studies and recent advances .