Early Markers for Diabetic Nephropathy in Urine of Type 2 Diabetics

Diabetic nephropathy represents one of the major problems developed in Diabetics that eventually lead to renal failure. By time the kidneys performs dysfunctional progression from hyperfiltration to micro-to macroalbuminuria to renal failure, hence the onset of diabetic nephropathy can be predicted by detection of alterations in release of enzymes or albumin in the urine. The aim of this study is to detect and asses some urinary enzymes and microalbuminuria in urine of diabetic patients and healthy subjects. It also aims to find relationship between these bio-markers and the progression of diabetic nephropathy as suitable noninvasive assay for early detection of DNP in type-2 DM patients in Gaza Strip. Random 61 urine samples of diabetics (33 females and 28 males) and 53 healthy subjects (23 females and 30 males) that matched the diabetic case in sex and age were collected. Turbidimetric bio-systems kits for MAU were used while the other biomarkers measured spectrophotometry using Far-diagnostic kit. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS (version15.0). This study shows that more attention should be taken by diabetics concerning lifestyle and food quality.