Engineering in Medicine

1 Principles and Techniques of Cardiac Pacing.- Clinical Requirements for Pacemaker Therapy.- Electrophysiological Aspects of Cardiac Stimulation.- Techniques of Permanent Pacemaker Implantation.- Pacemaker Electronic Circuits.- 2 Clinical Experience with Various Pacing Techniques.- Results of Permanent Cardiac Stimulation Therapy.- Myocardial and Endocardial Pacing Systems - An Appraisal.- Transvenous Atrial Synchronized Pacing.- Pacemaker Therapy as a New Possibility for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Carotid Sinus Syncope.- Temporary Cardiac Pacing.- Problems with Temporary and Permanent Pacing for Cardiac Arrhythmias without AV-Block.- Clinical Complications Due to Pacemaker System Failures and Their Management.- 3 Patient Management.- Transtelephone Pacemaker Monitoring.- Long-Term Cardiological Follow-Up Results.- Computer Applications for Monitoring of Pacemaker Patients.- 4 Stimulation Electrodes.- Engineering Concepts of Pacemaker Electrodes.- The Significance of the Tissue Reaction around the Electrode on the Late Myocardial Threshold.- Studies of Short- and Long-Term Threshold Changes.- Electrochemical Aspects of Pacing Electrodes.- Endocardial Electrograms and Pacer Sensing.- 5 Longevity and Pacemaker Power Sources.- Long-Life Pacemakers.- Electrochemical and Radioactive Power Sources for Cardiac Pacemakers.- The Statistical Reliability of Lithium-Iodine Batteries.- A Long-Lived, Reliable, Rechargeable Cardiac Pacemaker.- Promethium and Plutonium as Fuels for Pacemaker Power Sources.- The Betavoltaic Pacemaker Power Source.- Design Criteria for Betavoltaic Nuclear Batteries.- Thermoelectric Conversion Systems for Nuclear-Powered Pacemakers.- Interpretation and Implementation of International Radiation Protection Standards for Cardiac Pacemakers in theUSA.- 6 Clinical Experience with Long-Life Pacemakers.- Progress in Pulse Generator Longevity Preliminary Results of the CPI Lithium Iodide Unit.- Clinical Experience with Nuclear-Powered Pacemakers