Fundamentals of Pain Medicine: How to Diagnose and Treat your Patients

. Case Study 4. Abdominal Pain . Visceral Abdominal Pain . Somatic Abdominal Pain . Referred pain . History and Exam . Treatment . Case Studies 5. Pelvic Pain . History and Exam - Visceral Pelvic Pain - Somatic Pelvic Pain - Neuropathic Pelvic Pain . Treatment - Medications - Injections - Surgery . Case Study 6. Podiatric Pain, Foot and Ankle . Plantar fasciitis . Hallux valgus (bunion) . Morton's neuroma . Tarsal tunnel syndrome . Diabetic peripheral neuropathy . History and Exam . Treatment . Case Studies 7. Miscellaneous Pain Disorders that Affect Multiple Areas of the Body: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS, formerly known as Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy), Fibromyalgia, and Sickle Cell Pain . Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS, Formerly Known as Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy) - History and Exam - Treatment - Case Study . Fibromyalgia - History and Exam - Treatment - Case Study . Sickle Cell Pain - History and Exam - Treatment - Case Study 8. Postoperative Pain Management . History and Exam . Treatment . Case Studies Part II: Noninterventional Treatments 9. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) . When to Use . How to Use . When Not to Use and Potential Side Effects . Case Study 10. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) . When to Use . How to Use . When Not to Use and Potential Side Effects . Case Study 11. Topical Pain Medications . When to Use . How to Use . When Not to Use and Potential Side Effects . Case Study 12. Muscle Relaxants . When to Use . How to Use . When Not to Use and Potential Side Effects . Case Study 13. Antidepressant Medications Used for Neuropathic Pain . When to Use . How to Use . When Not to Use and Potential Side Effects . Case Study 14. Antiseizure Medications Used for Neuropathic Pain . When to Use . How to Use . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study 15. Opioids . When to Use . How to Use - Hospital setting: Intravenous Opioids - Hospital or outpatient setting: Short-acting oral narcotics - Outpatient setting, chronic pain: Long-acting oral narcotics - Long-Acting (Time-Release) Opioid Medication Choices - Breakthrough Pain Management - Other Narcotic-Like Pain Medication . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study 16. The Patient Controlled Analgesia Device (PCA) . When to Use . How to Use . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study 17. Epidural Catheter Analgesia . When to Use - Surgical Setting - Childbirth Setting . How to Use - Surgical Setting - Childbirth Setting . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Studies 18. Radiation Therapy . When to Use - Pain from a Solid Tumor - Metastatic Bone Pain - Cord Compression . How to Use . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study Part III: Interventional Treatments: 19. Epidural Steroid Injections . When to Use . How the Procedure is Done - Intralaminar Epidural Steroid Injection - Transforaminal Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injection - Reasons for a nontherapeutic response to an epidural steroid injection and modes of correction . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study 20. Facet Joint Procedures: Facet Joint Injections, Medial Branch Nerve Blocks, and Radiofrequency Ablation of the Medial Branch Nerves . Diagnostic Injection vs. Diagnostic Therapeutic Injection . Facet Joint injections vs. Medial Branch Nerve Block . When to Use . How the Procedure is Done - Facet Joint Injections (diagnostic and therapeutic injection) - Medial Branch Nerve Blocks - Radiofrequency Ablation of the Medial Branch Nerve . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Studies 21. Sacroiliac Joint Injections . When to Use . How the Procedure is Done - Diagnostic SI Joint Injections - Therapeutic SI Joint Injection - SI Joint Radiofrequency . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study 22. Trigger Point Injections for Myofascial Pain . When to Use . How the Procedure is Done . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study 23. Joint and Associated Bursa Injections: Shoulders, Elbow, Hip and Knees . When to Use . How the Procedure is Done - Shoulder region o Shoulder (glenohumeral) joint injection o Shoulder (acromiclavicular) joint injection o Shoulder (subacromial bursa) injection - Elbow o Lateral epicondyle (tennis elbow) injection o Medial epicondyle (golfer's elbow) injection o Elbow Joint Injection o Olecranon bursa injection - Hip o Intra-articular hip injection o Greater trochanteric bursa injection - Knee o Intra-articular knee joint injection (cortisone and viscosupplementation) . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Studies 24. Sympathetic Blocks: Stellate, Celiac, Lumbar, Superior Hypogastric and Ganglion Impar . When to Use . How the Procedure is Done - Stellate Ganglion Block - Celiac Plexus Block - Neurolytic Celiac Plexus Block for Cancer Pain - Lumbar Sympathetic Block (Paravertebral block) - Superior Hypogastric Block (Ganglion of Walther) - Neurolytic Superior Hypogastric Block for Cancer Pain - Ganglion Impar Block - Neurolytic Ganglion Impar Block for Cancer Pain . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Studies 25. Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty . When to Use . How the Procedures Are Done . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study 26. Injections for Headache (Occipital Nerve Blocks and Botulinum Toxin Injections) . Occipital Nerve Block . Botulinum Toxin Injection . When to Use . How the Procedures are Done - Occipital Nerve Block - Botulinum Toxin Injections for Headache . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Studies 27. Common Nerve Blocks . When to Use . How the Procedure Is Done - Trigeminal Nerve Block (Trigeminal Neuralgia) - Median Nerve Block (Carpal Tunnel Syndrome) - Suprascapular Nerve Block (Frozen Shoulder) - Intercostal Nerve Block - Pelvic Nerve Block (Iliohypogastric, Ilioinguinal and Genitofemoral) - Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block (Meralgia Paresthetica) - Tibial Nerve Block (Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome) . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Studies 28. Discogenic Pain: Lumbar Discography . Introduction . When to Use . How the Procedure is Done . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study 29. Implantable Pain Devices: Spinal Cord Stimulators . When to Use . How the Procedure is Done - Trial-Lower Body Pain - Trial-Upper Body Pain - Full Implant . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study 30. Implantable Pain Device: Programmable Intrathecal Pain Pumps . When to Use . How the Procedures Are Done - The Trial - Full Implementation - Pump Refills . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study 31. Percutaneous Lumbar Disc Decompression . When to Use . How the Procedure is Done . When Not to Use and Potential Complications . Case Study Part IV: Multimodal Approach to Pain 32. Physical Therapy . When to Use . How to Use - Balance - Building Endurance - Stretching/Range of Motion - Strengthening - Other Modalities: Heat, Ultrasound, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) . When Not to Use . Case Studies 33. Complementary Treatments . Acupuncture . Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) . Biofeedback . Therapeutic Massage . Hypnosis . Case Study 34. Chiropractic Treatment . When to Use . How to Use . When Not to Use . Case Study 35. Avoiding Opioid Abuse . Curtailing Abuse and Diversion - Determine if the patient needs an opioid - Realistic expectations, prescribing opioids, and the narcotic agreement - Monitoring patients on opioids: structured follow-up appointments, assessing function, urine drug screens, and prescription monitoring programs . Handling Abuse and Diversion Once Discovered - Addressing violations of the narcotic agreement - Discharging patients from the practice