Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology Essentials

defects Acyanotic heart disease Other anomalies 2.2 Non-ischaemic acquired heart disease Acquired mitral valve disease Acquired aortic valve disease Tricuspid and pulmonary valve disease Cardiomyopathies Cardiac tumours Cardiac trauma 2.3 Pulmonary circulation and thromboembolism Pulmonary thromboembolic disease Pulmonary vascular patterns 2.4 The aorta Aortic rupture Aortic dissection Mid-aortic syndrome and Takaysu's disease of the aorta Aortic occlusive disease Aortic aneurysms 2.5 Peripheral vascular disease Gastrointestinal vascular disorders Carotid artery stenosis Peripheral vascular disease of the lower extremities Disorders of the venous system Miscellaneous vascular disorders 2.6 Ischaemic heart disease Conventional coronary angiography and echocardiography CT imaging in ischaemic heart disease MR imaging in ischaemic heart disease Nuclear cardiac imaging Manifestations of atheromatous coronary artery disease 2.7 Interventional vascular radiology techniques Interventional vascular radiology techniques 3. Gastrointestinal 3.1 Oesophagus Hiatus hernia and reflux Oesophagitis and benign strictures Benign and malignant oesophageal tumours Oesophageal carcinoma Oesophageal dysmotility disorders Oesophageal atresia (OA) and tracehooesphageal fistula (TOF) Miscellaneous oesophageal conditions 3.2 Stomach Benign gastric ulcers Gastritis Benign and malignant gastric tumours Gastric carcinoma Gastric surgery Miscellaneous gastric conditions 3.3 Duodenum Peptic ulceration, gastric heterotopia, duodenal diverticula Benign and malignant duodenal tumours Miscellaneous duodenal conditions 3.4 Small bowel Crohn's disease Infections / infestations of the small bowel Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) and carcinoid tumours Benign and malignant small bowel tumours Causes of small bowel obstruction Miscellaneous small bowel conditions 3.5 Colon Ulcerative colitis and toxic megacolon Colitis Polyps Polyposis syndromes Colorectal cancer Diverticulosis and large bowel strictures Large bowel obstruction Miscellaneous disorders of the large bowel 3.6 Liver Anatomy and imaging techniques Benign diffuse liver disease Cirrhosis Benign solid liver lesions Malignant solid liver lesions Hepatic vascular lesions Miscellaneous liver conditions Liver transplantation and interventional techniques Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the liver MR contrast agents and the liver 3.7 Biliary Methods of investigation Cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis Cholecystitis Miscellaneous gallbladder conditions Benign biliary strictures Malignant biliary tumours Biliary atresia and hypoplasia Miscellaneous bile duct disorders Biliary interventional techniques 3.8 Pancreas Congenital abnormalities Pancreatitis Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Cystic pancreatic tumours Endocrine and islet cell pancreatic tumours Pancreatic trauma, transplant and intervention 3.9 Spleen Miscellaneous splenic conditions 3.10 Peritoneum, mesentery and omentum Benign disease Neoplastic peritoneal/omental disorders Developmental anomalies of the mesentery Infective/inflammatory conditions of the mesentery Neoplastic mesenteric disorders 3.11 Plain abdominal radiograph Abnormal gas distribution 3.12 Paediatric Gastrointestinal disorders Abdominal wall defects Gastrointestinal causes of neonatal vomiting Malrotation Delayed passage of meconium Abdominal manifestations of cystic fibrosis Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) Anorectal malformations Neuroblastoma (NB) 4. Genitourinary 4.1 Kidneys Renal parenchymal disease Renal tract infection/inflammation Renal artery stenosis (RAS) Renal vascular abnormalities Benign renal masses Renal parenchymal malignancies Other malignancies Transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract Renal failure Renal transplantation: assessment Renal transplantation: postoperative complications Urolithiasis Methods of imaging in obstruction Dilatation of the urinary tract Upper urinary tract trauma 4.2 Bladder Miscellaneous bladder conditions Bladder tumours Lower urinary tract trauma 4.3 Prostate Prostate: benign disorders Carcinoma of the prostate Prostate anatomy and imaging 4.4 Urethra Urethra: benign disorders Tumours of the urethra 4.5 Male reproductive system Cryptoorchidism and testicular torsion Primary testicular malignancies Miscellaneous scrotal lesions Miscellaneous penile conditions 4.6 Paediatric genitourinary disorders Congenital renal anomalies Duplex kidney Congenital renal cystic disease Childhood renal malignancies Paediatric pelvic and scrotal malignancies 5. Musculoskeletal System 5.1 Skeletal trauma Introduction Assessment of cervical spine injuries Spinal injuries Shoulder injuries Upper extremity injuries Carpal bone injuries Wrist and hand injuries Pelvic injuries Hip injuries Avascular necrosis of the hip Knee and lower leg fractures Knee soft tissue injuries Ankle injuries Foot injuries 5.2 Paediatric fractures Specific paediatric fractures Radiology of non-accidental injury Skeletal injuries in non-accidental injury 5.3 Soft tissue imaging Localized calcification and ossification Generalized soft tissue calcification Soft tissue masses 5.4 General characteristics of bone tumours General characteristics of bone tumours 5.5 Benign bone tumours Chondroid origin Osteoid origin Osteoid origin/tumours of neural tissue Cystic lesions Giant cell tumour/lipomatous bone lesions Fibrous origin Vascular origin Miscellaneous bone lesions 5.6 Malignant bone tumours Chondroid origin Osteosarcoma Other varieties of osteosarcoma Fibrous origin Medullary origin Miscellaneous malignant bone tumours Bone metastases 5.7 Metabolic and endocrine skeletal disease Osteoporosis Vitamin D deficiency Endocrine bone disorders Metabolic bone disorders 5.8 Joint disease Introduction Osteoarthritis Haemophilic and neuropathic arthropathies Juvenile idiopathic arthritis and DISH Rheumatoid arthritis Seronegative spondyloarthropathy Depositional arthropathy Polyarthritis associated with other diseases 5.9 Bone and soft tissue infection Acute osteomyelitis Chronic osteomyelitis Miscellaneous bone and soft tissue infections 5.10 Congenital skeletal anomalies Developmental skeletal anomalies Selected osteochondrodysplasias Localized disorders of the skeleton Haemoglobinopathies 5.11 Myeloproliferative disorders Reticuloendothelial disorders White cell disorders Plasma cell dyscrasias 6. Women's Imaging 6.1 Breast Introduction Benign mass lesions Microcalcifications Invasive breast carcinoma Contrast-enhanced MRI in breast cancer 6.2 Gynaecology Imaging techniques in gynaecology Congenital anomalies of the female genital tract Benign uterine conditions Endometrial carcinoma Carcinoma of the cervix Benign ovarian tumours Endometriosis, polycystic ovaries and physiological ovarian cysts Ovarian carcinoma Miscellaneous gynaecological conditions 7. Neuroradiology 7.1 Intracranial tumours in adults Imaging techniques and general features Classification of intracranial tumours Gliomas Infratentorial tumours Supratentorial tumours Extra-axial tumours Meningioma and skull base tumours Cerebral and meningeal metastases Intraventricular tumours Pituitary region tumours Pineal region tumours 7.2 Cerebrovascular disease and non-traumatic haemorrhage Cerebral ischaemia Other patterns of cerebrovascular disease Carotid and vertebral artery dissection Non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage Cerebral artery aneurysms Arteriovenous malformations 7.3 Brain infection, AIDS and demyelinating diseases Intracranial infection HIV infection and AIDS Demyelinating and inflammatory disorders 7.4 Brain trauma, degenerative disorders and epilepsy Head injury Primary and secondary cerebral injury Dementias and epilepsy Skull bone disease Hydrocephalus 7.5 Paediatric neuroradiology Cerebellar malformations Chiari malformations Cerebral malformations Malformations of neuronal migration and cortical organization Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) Neurocutaneous syndromes Inborn metabolic brain disorders Congenital skull anomalies Congenital intracranial infections Paediatric meningitis Hypoxic-ischaemic injury in the developing brain Brain injury in non-accidental injury (NAI) 7.6 The spine Spinal dysraphism Congenital spinal anomalies Skeletal abnormalities Vascular spinal lesions Spinal tumours Infective/inflammatory disorders of the spine Spinal cord trauma and the postoperative spine Degenerative spinal disease 7.7 The orbit The orbit Conal and extraconal disorders Intraconal disorders 7.8 Ear, nose and throat radiology Selected disorders of the ear Nose and paranasal sinuses The nasopharynx Disorders of the oropharynx, larynx and soft tissues of the neck 7.9 Dental radiology Mandibular / maxillary cystic lesions Tumours of bone Facial trauma Salivary glands Salivary gland disorders 8. Miscellaneous 8.1 Endocrine System Thyroid cancer Miscellaneous thyroid disorders Non-functional adrenal disorders Adrenal hyperfunction 8.2 Lymphoma Lymphoma Lymph node disease in lymphoma CNS lymphoma Pulmonary lymphoma Lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract Musculoskeletal lymphoma Extranodal manifestations of lymphoma Monitoring response to therapy in lymphoma 9. Appendix 9.1 General Pearls 9.2 Anatomy Pearls 9.3 Radiology techniques Specialised MRI techniques in neuroimaging Positron emission tomography (PET)-CT in oncology imaging 9.4 Pearls in musculoskeletal imaging and pathology Pearls in pathology Pearls in musculoskeletal imaging 9.5 Patterns of tumour spread 9.6 TNM staging of common cancers