International Law

PART I ORIGINS AND FOUNDATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY ; 1. The Main Legal Features of the International Community ; 2. The Historical Evolution of the International Community ; 3. The Fundamental Principles Governing International Relations ; PART II SUBJECTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY ; 4. States as the Primary Subjects of International Law ; 5. The Spatial Dimension of State Activities ; 6. Limitations on State Sovereignty: Immunities and Treatment of Individuals ; 7. Other International Legal Subjects ; PART III CREATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL STANDARDS ; 8. International Law Creation: Custom ; 9. Treaties ; 10. Other Lawmaking Processes ; 11. The Hierarchy of Rules: The Role of Jus Cogens ; 12. Implementation of International Rules within National Systems ; PART IV BREACHES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES ; 13. International Wrongful Acts and the Legal Reaction Thereto ; 14. Promoting Compliance with Law and Preventing or Settling Disputes ; 15. Enforcement ; PART V CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL LAW ; 16. The Role of the United Nations ; 17. UN Sanctions and Collective Security ; 18. Unilateral Resort to Force by States ; 19. The Protection of Human Rights ; 20. Legal Restraints on Violence in Armed Conflict ; 21. Repression of International Crimes ; 22. The International Response to Terrorism ; 23. Protection of the Environment ; 24. Legal Attempts at Narrowing the North-South Gap

Professor of international law, University of Florence; former President of the Council of Europe Committee for the Prevention of Torture; former Judge and President of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia; Chairman of the UN International Commission of Enquiry into Violations of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law in Darfur; member of the Institut de Droit International