Network Forensics

Foreword xvii Preface xix Acknowledgments xxv About the Authors xxvii Part I: Foundation 1 Chapter 1: Practical Investigative Strategies 3 1.1 Real-World Cases 3 1.2 Footprints 8 1.3 Concepts in Digital Evidence 9 1.4 Challenges Relating to Network Evidence 16 1.5 Network Forensics Investigative Methodology (OSCAR) 17 1.6 Conclusion 22 Chapter 2: Technical Fundamentals 23 2.1 Sources of Network-Based Evidence 23 2.2 Principles of Internetworking 30 2.3 Internet Protocol Suite 35 2.4 Conclusion 44 Chapter 3: Evidence Acquisition 45 3.1 Physical Interception 46 3.2 Traffic Acquisition Software 54 3.3 Active Acquisition 65 3.4 Conclusion 72 Part II: Traffic Analysis 73 Chapter 4: Packet Analysis 75 4.1 Protocol Analysis 76 4.2 Packet Analysis 95 4.3 Flow Analysis 103 4.4 Higher-Layer Traffic Analysis 120 4.5 Conclusion 133 4.6 Case Study: Ann's Rendezvous 135 Chapter 5: Statistical Flow Analysis 159 5.1 Process Overview 160 5.2 Sensors 161 5.3 Flow Record Export Protocols 166 5.4 Collection and Aggregation 168 5.5 Analysis 172 5.6 Conclusion 183 5.7 Case Study: The Curious Mr. X 184 Chapter 6: Wireless: Network Forensics Unplugged 199 6.1 The IEEE Layer 2 Protocol Series 201 6.2 Wireless Access Points (WAPs) 214 6.3 Wireless Traffic Capture and Analysis 219 6.4 Common Attacks 224 6.5 Locating Wireless Devices 229 6.6 Conclusion 235 6.7 Case Study: HackMe, Inc. 236 Chapter 7: Network Intrusion Detection and Analysis 257 7.1 Why Investigate NIDS/NIPS? 258 7.2 Typical NIDS/NIPS Functionality 258 7.3 Modes of Detection 261 7.4 Types of NIDS/NIPSs 262 7.5 NIDS/NIPS Evidence Acquisition 264 7.6 Comprehensive Packet Logging 267 7.7 Snort 268 7.8 Conclusion 275 7.9 Case Study: Inter0ptic Saves the Planet (Part 1 of 2) 276 Part III: Network Devices and Servers 289 Chapter 8: Event Log Aggregation, Correlation, and Analysis 291 8.1 Sources of Logs 292 8.2 Network Log Architecture 306 8.3 Collecting and Analyzing Evidence 311 8.4 Conclusion 317 8.5 Case Study: L0ne Sh4rk's

Sherri Davidoff is a founder of LMG Security, an information security consulting and research firm. Her specialties include network penetration testing, digital forensics, social engineering testing, and web application assessments. She holds her S.B. in Computer Science and Electrical Engineering from MIT. Jonathan Ham has been commissioned to teach NCIS investigators how to use Snort, performed packet analysis from a facility more than two thousand feet underground, taught intrusion analysis to the NSA, and chartered and trained the CIRT for one of the largest U.S. civilian federal agencies. He is a founder of LMG Security. His favorite field is ip[6:2].