Polarized Light in Animal Vision
Polarization Patterns in Nature
(Sprache: Englisch)
The subject of this volume is two-fold. First, it gathers typical polarization patterns occurring in nature. Second, it surveys the polarization-sensitive ani mals, the physiological mechanisms and biological functions of polarization sensitivity as weIl...
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The subject of this volume is two-fold. First, it gathers typical polarization patterns occurring in nature. Second, it surveys the polarization-sensitive ani mals, the physiological mechanisms and biological functions of polarization sensitivity as weIl as the polarization-guided behaviour in animals. The monograph is prepared for biologists, physicists and meteorologists, espe cially for experts of atmospheric optics and animal vision, who wish to under stand and reveal the message hidden in polarization patterns of the optical environment not directly accessible to the human visual system, but measur able by polarimetry and perceived by many animals. Our volume is an attempt to build a bridge between these two physical and biological flelds. In Part I we introduce the reader to the elements of imaging polarimetry. This technique can be efflciently used, e. g. in atmospheric optics, remote sens ing and biology. In Part 11 we deal with typical polarization patterns of the natural optical environment. Sunrise/sunset, clear skies, cloudy skies, moonshine and total solar eclipses all mean quite different illumination conditions, wh ich also affect the spatial distribution and strength of celestial polarization. We pre sent the polarization patterns of the sky and its unpolarized (neutral) points under sunlit, moonlit, clear, cloudy and eclipsed conditions as a function of solar elevation. The polarization pattern of a rainbow is also shown. That part of the spectrum is derived in which perception of skylight polarization is optimal under partly cloudy skies.
Klappentext zu „Polarized Light in Animal Vision “
While the human eye can practically cope only with two aspects of light, brightness and colour, many animals use polarization as a further source of visual information. The text starts with an introduction into imaging polarimetry, an efficient technique for measuring light polarization, and moves onto a description of the various polarization patterns occurring in nature, such as celestial polarization.The major part of the book is dedicated to the fascinating question: How do animals use polarization patterns? Following a compendium of the physiology of polarization sensitivity, several case studies are presented, such as honeybees or ants using polarized light as a compass or aquatic animals orientating by the underwater polarization. Further, it is explained how man-made objects affecting the natural optical environment may disorientate animals. For instance, as in the case where oil or glass surfaces can be more attractive for water-seeking polarotactic insects than the water surface.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „Polarized Light in Animal Vision “
Part I: Imaging Polarimetry 1 Polarimetry: From Point-Source to Imaging Polarimeters
Part II: Polarization Patterns in Nature
2 Space-Borne Measurement of Earthlight Polarization
3 Skylight Polarization
4 Principal Neutral Points of Atmospheric Polarization
5 24-Hour Change of the Polarization Pattern of the Summer Sky North of the Arctic Circle
6 Polarization Patterns of Cloudy Skies and Animal Orientation
7 Ground-Based Full-Sky Imaging Polarimetric Cloud Detection
8 Polarization Pattern of the Moonlit Clear Night Sky at Full Moon: Comparison of Moonlit and Sunlit Skies
9 Imaging Polarimetry of the Rainbow
10 Which Part of the Spectrum is Optimal for Perception of Skylight Polarization?
11 Polarization of the Sky and the Solar Corona During Total Solar Eclipses
12 Reflection-Polarization Pattern of the Flat Water Surface Measured by 180o Field-of-View Imaging Polarimetry
13 Polarization Pattern of a Fata Morgana: Why Aquatic Insects are not Attracted by Mirages?
14 Polarizational Characteristics of the Underwater World
15 Circularly Polarized Light in Nature
Part III: Polarized Light in Animal Vision
16 From Polarization Sensitivity to Polarization Vision
17 Polarization Sensitivity in Terrestrial Insects
18 Polarization Sensitivity in Insects Associated with Water
19 Multiple-Choice Experiments on Dragonfly Polarotaxis: Dragonflies Find Crude Oil Visually More Attractive than Water
20 How can Dragonflies Discern Bright and Dark Waters from a Distance? The Degree of Linear Polarization of Reflected Light as a Possible Cue for Dragonfly Habitat Selection
21 Oil Reservoirs and Plastic Sheets as Polarizing Insect Traps
22 Why do Mayflies Lay Eggs on Dry Asphalt Roads? Water-Imitating Horizontally Polarized Light Reflected from Aspha.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autoren: Dezsö Varjú , G. Horvath , Dezsö Varju
- 2004, 472 Seiten, 217 farbige Abbildungen, 489 Schwarz-Weiß-Abbildungen, Maße: 15,5 x 23,5 cm, Gebunden, Englisch
- Verlag: Springer
- ISBN-10: 3540404570
- ISBN-13: 9783540404576
- Erscheinungsdatum: 14.11.2003
Sprache:
Englisch
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