Rational Decisions
(Sprache: Englisch)
"The book is a wide-ranging exploration of standard theories of choice and belief under risk and uncertainty. Ken Binmore discusses the various philosophical attitudes related to the nature of probability and offers resolutions to paradoxes believed to...
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Produktinformationen zu „Rational Decisions “
"The book is a wide-ranging exploration of standard theories of choice and belief under risk and uncertainty. Ken Binmore discusses the various philosophical attitudes related to the nature of probability and offers resolutions to paradoxes believed to hinder further progress. In arguing that the Bayesian approach to knowledge is inadequate in a large world, Binmore proposes an extension to Bayesian decision theory - allowing the idea of a mixed strategy in game theory to be expanded to a larger set of what Binmore refers to as "muddled" strategies."--BOOK JACKET.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „Rational Decisions “
Preface ix Chapter 1: Revealed Preference 1 1.1 Rationality? 1 1.2 Modeling a Decision Problem 2 1.3 Reason Is the Slave of the Passions 3 1.4 Lessons from Aesop 5 1.5 Revealed Preference 7 1.6 Rationality and Evolution 12 1.7 Utility 14 1.8 Challenging Transitivity 17 1.9 Causal Utility Fallacy 19 1.10 Positive and Normative 22 Chapter 2: Game Theory 25 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 What Is a Game? 25 2.3 Paradox of Rationality? 26 2.4 Newcomb's Problem 30 2.5 Extensive Form of a Game 31 Chapter 3: Risk 35 3.1 Risk and Uncertainty 35 3.2 Von Neumann and Morgenstern 36 3.3 The St Petersburg Paradox 37 3.4 Expected Utility Theory 39 3.5 Paradoxes from A to Z 43 3.6 Utility Scales 46 3.7 Attitudes to Risk 50 3.8 Unbounded Utility? 55 3.9 Positive Applications? 58 Chapter 4: Utilitarianism 60 4.1 Revealed Preference in Social Choice 60 4.2 Traditional Approaches to Utilitarianism 63 4.3 Intensity of Preference 66 4.4 Interpersonal Comparison of Utility 67 Chapter 5: Classical Probability 75 5.1 Origins 75 5.2 Measurable Sets 75 5.3 Kolmogorov's Axioms 79 5.4 Probability on the Natural Numbers 82 5.5 Conditional Probability 83 5.6 Upper and Lower Probabilities 88 Chapter 6: Frequency 94 6.1 Interpreting Classical Probability 94 6.2 Randomizing Devices 96 6.3 Richard von Mises 100 6.4 Refining von Mises' Theory 104 6.5 Totally Muddling Boxes 113 Chapter 7: Bayesian Decision Theory 116 7.1 Subjective Probability 116 7.2 Savage's Theory 117 7.3 Dutch Books 123 7.4 Bayesian Updating 126 7.5 Constructing Priors 129 7.6 Bayesian Reasoning in Games 134 Chapter 8: Epistemology 137 8.1 Knowledge 137 8.2 Bayesian Epistemology 137 8.3 Information Sets 139 8.4 Knowledge in a Large World 145 8.5 Revealed Knowledge? 149 Chapter 9: Large Worlds 154 9.1 Complete Ignorance 154 9.2 Extending Bayesian Decision Theory 163 9.3 Muddled Strategies in Game Theory 169 9.4 Conclusion 174 Chapter 10: Mathematical Notes 175 10.1 Compatible Preferences 175 10.2 Hausdorff's Paradox of
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the Sphere 177 10.3 Conditioning on Zero-Probability Events 177 10.4 Applying the Hahn-Banach Theorem 179 10.5 Muddling Boxes 180 10.6 Solving a Functional Equation 181 10.7 Additivity 182 10.8 Muddled Equilibria in Game Theory 182 References 189 Index 197
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Autoren-Porträt von Ken Binmore
Ken Binmore is a mathematician turned economist and philosopher. He has held chairs at the London School of Economics and Political Science as well as other universities, and is professor emeritus of economics at University College London. His recent books include "Natural Justice, Does Game Theory Work?", and "A Very Short Introduction to Game Theory".
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autor: Ken Binmore
- 2009, 200 Seiten, Maße: 16,3 x 23,4 cm, Gebunden, Englisch
- Verlag: Princeton University Press
- ISBN-10: 0691130744
- ISBN-13: 9780691130743
Sprache:
Englisch
Rezension zu „Rational Decisions “
"Ken Binmore is one of our deepest thinkers on the foundations of economics and game theory. Here he gives us his personal take on standard decision theory and his own extension of the theory to the case in which decision makers cannot assign unambiguous probabilities to future events. This book will be of considerable interest to economists and philosophers alike."--Eric Maskin, Nobel Prize-winning economist
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