Sampling of Powders and Bulk Materials

mixture.- 7.1.1 Variance of the numerical concentration.- 7.1.2 Variance of the concentration by mass.- 7.2 Sampling with a constant sample size n from a multi-material mixture.- 7.3 Sampling with a constant mass (or volume) from a two-component mixture.- 7.3.1 The problem of a random mixture formed from two even-grained fractions of any size.- 7.3.2 Random mixture of two even-grained fractions.- 7.4 Constant sample mass and the random mixture of several components of unequal grain size.- 7.5 Random mixture of two particle-size distributions.- 7.6 Random mixture for suspensions.- 8 Sampling in a Sample Divider.- 8.1 Numerical concentration in the case of two or more components.- 8.2 Variance of the concentration by mass of two or more components having differing even-grain fractions.- 8.3 Variance of the concentrations by number and by mass for a two-material mixture.- 8.4 Experiments on a rotary sample-divider from Messrs. Retsch.- 9 Sampling for Grain-Size Analysis.- 9.1 Object and method of sampling.- 9.2 Sampling error for sampling with a constant particle number n from a numerical distribution Q0.- 9.3 Sampling error for sampling with a constant particle number n from a cumulative volume distribution Q3.- 9.4 Sampling error of a cumulative volume distribution Q3 for constant sample masses of solid in the sample.- 9.5 Sampling error of a numerical distribution Q0 or of a cumulative volume distribution Q3 in sampling with a constant suspension volume VSus from a suspension.- 9.6 Sampling error in sample-dividing.- 9.6.1 Cumulative numerical distribution Q0.- 9.6.2 Cumulativevolume distribution Q3.- 10 Sampling Error when Sampling from Ores and Fuels.- 11 Investigations of Random Packings.- 11.1 Definitions and formulation of the problem.- 11.2 Relationship between area porosity and volume porosity.- 11.3 Test for random packing.- 11.4 Grain size analysis by determination of the diameters of sectioned solid particles.- 11.4.1 Determination of all moments Mn,o of the sphere diameter distribution from the moments Mk,o of the section circle diameter distribution.- 11.4.2 Solution of the integral equation.- 11.4.3 Determination of sphere diameter distributions qo (d) with the aid of a histogram of section circle diameters.- 12 Sampling from Non-Random Mixtures.- 12.1 Systematic variance.- 12.2 Correlation length, correlogram.- 13 Sampling from a Convevor Belt.- 13.1 Variance within and between belt sections of lenght L.- 13.2 Inspection of given quantities when sampling randomly or systematically from a conveyor belt.- 14 Sampling Devices.- 14.1 Devices for sampling liquids.- 14.2 Devices for sampling gases and dusts.- 14.3 Devices for sampling granular and lumpy material.- 14.4 Sample splitters.- Notes.- Literature.