The Climate Connection

1. Introduction; Part I. Early Human History: 2. From ape to human: the emergence of hominids; 3. Human behavioural evolution; 4. The migration and diaspora of Homo; Part II. Climate During the Last Glacial Cycle: 5. Climate change over the last 135,000 years; 6. The effect of 135,000 years of changing climate on the global landscape; Part III. The Interaction Between Climate and Humans: 7. The interaction between climate and humans; 8. Climate and agriculture; 9. Climate and our future; Appendix A. The biological background to the story of evolution: the book within the book: A.1. Evolutionary adaptability; A.2. Developmental evolution; A.3. Human adaptability: the physiological foundation; References; Index.

Renee Hetherington obtained a BA in business and economics from Simon Fraser University in 1981; an MBA from the University of Western Ontario in 1985; and an interdisciplinary PhD in anthropology, biology, geography and geology from the University of Victoria, British Columbia, in 2002. She was awarded a Canadian National Science and Engineering Research doctoral fellowship for her work reconstructing the paleogeography and paleoenvironment of the Queen Charlotte Islands/Haida Gwaii. The Canadian Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council subsequently awarded her a postdoctoral fellowship for her research relating climate change to human evolution and adaptability over the last 135,000 years. She has been co-leader of the United Nations International Geological Correlation Program project 526, 'Risks, Resources, and Record of the Past on the Continental Shelf'. She is CFO and director of RITM Corp., a natural resource and management consulting company. She ran for office as a Member of the Canadian Parliament in 2011 and is currently member of Shadow Caucus with the Federal Liberal Party of Canada. She is the author of Living in a Dangerous Climate (Cambridge University Press, 2012). Robert G. B. Reid is Emeritus Professor of Biology at the University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. He holds B.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from Glasgow University. His major fields of professional interest are digestive physiology, malacology, and evolutionary theory. He is the author of Evolutionary Theory: The Unfinished Synthesis (1985, Cornell University Press) and Biological Emergences: Evolution by Natural Experiment (2009, MIT Press). Robert Reid has taught in the fields of marine biology and comparative physiology - his major source of experience - as well as the history of biology. He has presented seminars at the Konrad Lorenz Institute workshop on Environment, Development and Evolution in Altenberg, Austria. Throughout his career he has worked closely with Environment

'Hetherington and Reid have undertaken the first comprehensive scientific review and analysis of the connections between human biology and its evolution, human pre-history and history on a global basis, and of planetary and regional climate throughout time as it has affected all biological life, including the activities of humans and their societies. The result is a very readable story, meticulously researched and well referenced, of us as human animals: what we are as well as who we are and how we got that way, of our genetic make-up and adaptations, of the development of behavioural capacities to cope with changes in our environment, and how successive fairly sudden changes in climate at long intervals have stressed human populations and stimulated the survivors to develop new capacities and new tools, and thus ultimately to result in our present societies, institutions and behaviours, which in the last century are themselves bringing about changes in climate that threaten new or catastrophic stresses. It is a profound and vitally important story, and one that provides a solid scientific background to our current environmental, social, economic, and political dilemmas. This book is a significant contribution to the understanding of perhaps the most serious issue of our times.' Fred Roots, Science Advisor Emeritus, Environment Canada and Chair of the Canadian National Committee for the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme