General Hospital Care for People with Learning Disabilities (ePub)

Preface vii Acknowledgements ix 1 Understanding Learning Disability 1 Introduction 1 Definitions and causes of a learning disability 2 How to establish if your patient has a learning disability 9 Perceptions and attitudes towards people with a learning disability 10 Health needs of people with a learning disability 15 Family/carer's needs 30 Introduction to person-centred approaches 32 Conclusion 35 References 38 2 The Process of Health Care 40 Introduction 40 The patient journey 41 Pre-admission 53 Care planning and developing care pathways 68 Intervention and treatment 71 Liaison and discharge planning 78 Conclusion 80 References 83 3 Communication 85 Introduction 85 What is communication? 86 Models of communication - verbal and non-verbal 90 Developing relationships with people with a learning disability 93 Communicating with people with a learning disability 98 Tools to aid communication 109 Helping people with learning disabilities to make choices 118 Communicating with family and carers 123 Conclusion 124 References 125 Introduction 127 What do we mean when we say a person displays challenging behaviour? 128 What could different behaviours mean? 130 How hospital admission can affect individual behaviour and ways of overcoming this 135 How to respond to behaviour in health care situations 137 The use of behavioural indicators in the assessment of pain 152 Risk assessment 159 Conclusion 160 References 165 5 Consent 167 Introduction 167 What do we mean by consent? 167 Ethical decision making 169 The law on consent and capacity to consent (in England and Wales) 172 Defining capacity 177 Obtaining consent 181 Advocacy and empowerment 188 Planning for future care 189 Emergency situations 190 What to do when consent is refused 190 Record keeping 193 Conclusion 194 References 197 6 Ethical and Political Aspects of Care 198 Introduction 198 Health care ethics and professional accountability 198 Safeguarding children and vulnerable adults 208 Cost 213 Values and beliefs

Lynn Hannon is currently Head of Employment Services at East
Lancashire PCT, formerly Nurse Manager of the Specialist Community
Nursing Service for people with a learning disability, and a
Florence Nightingale Scholar.

Julie Clift is Community Nurse Specialist Learning
Disabilities/Acute Liaison at NHS East Lancashire Community
Services and Lecturer Practitioner for the University of
Cumbria.

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