Advanced Hemodynamic Monitoring: Basics and New Horizons

Preface.- Introduction.- Section I. Measurement of pressures.- Pressure physiological background.- Systemic arterial pressure.- Central venous pressure.- Pulmonary pressures.- Section II. Measurement of cardiac output.- Cardiac output physiological background.- Pulmonary artery thermodilution.- Transpulmonary thermodilution.- Pulse wave analysis.- Doppler techniques.- Echocardiography.- Bioimpedance and bioreactance.- Section III. Monitoring of volumetric parameters.- Volumetric parameters physiological background.- Global end-diastolic volume.- Extravascular lung water.- Section IV. Assessment of fluid responsiveness and dynamic tests.- Fluid responsiveness and dynamic tests physiological background.- Dynamic variables.- Dynamic tests.- Section V. Monitoring of microcirculation.- Microcirculation physiological background.- Vital microscopy.- Other techniques.- Section VI. Hemodynamic monitoring and therapy in perioperative medicine.- Hemodynamic monitoring and optimization in cardiac surgery.- Hemodynamic monitoring and optimization in non-cardiac surgery.- Section VII. Hemodynamic monitoring and therapy in Intensive care medicine.- Hypovolemic shock.- Cardiogenic shock.- Distributive shock.- Pulmonary edema.- Section VIII. Future of hemodynamic monitoring and therapy.- New methods and sensors.- Closed loop hemodynamic management.- Artificial intelligence and predictive analytics.- Conclusions.

Mikhail Kirov is currently the Head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine of the Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia. Dr. Kirov graduated from the Northern State Medical University in 1994. During 1994-1997, he was a research fellow at the Department of Cardiac Anesthesia at the Research Institute of Transplantology and Artificial Organs in Moscow. In 2003, Dr. Kirov has received his PhD degree devoted to nitric oxide pathways in sepsis and acute lung injury at the University of Tromsoe (Norway). He was appointed the position of Professor at the Northern State Medical University in 2007, and became the Head of Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine in 2011. Professor Kirov is a member of the Intensive Care Scientific Subcommittee of the European Society of Anesthesiology, a Secretary of the Board of the Russian Federation of Anesthesiologists-Reanimatologists and the Vice-President of the Association of Anesthesiologists-Reanimatologists of Northwestern Russia. He has published 40 books and book chapters, more than 170 articles in international and national peer-reviewed medical journals, and more than 400 abstracts. His main research interests are monitoring, cardiac anesthesia, intensive care, sepsis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Vsevolod Kuzkov is a Professor at the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine of the Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia. Dr. Kuzkov graduated from the Northern State Medical University in 2000. During 2001-2007, he was a research fellow at the Department of Anesthesiology, University if Tromsoe (Norway) and graduated with PhD degree in 2006 with a combined clinical and experimental study on the monitoring of pulmonary edema. After returning to Arkhangelsk, Dr. Kuzkov worked as an Assistant Professor and an Associate Professor at the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine of Northern State Medical