Bile Acids: Biological Actions and Clinical Relevance

Metabolism of bile acids.- Analysis of mice deficient in the bile acid biosynthetic enzyme 3?-hydroxy-?5-C27-steroid oxidoreductase (HSD3B7).- Role of oxysterols and cholestenoic acids in a crosstalk between the brain and the liver.- Activation of a G-protein coupled receptor by conjugated bile acids in primary hepatocytes and liver: effects on glucose metabolism.- Discovery of a novel oxysterol, 5-cholesten-3?, 25-diol 3-sulphate, in nuclei and mitochondria following over-expression of the gene encoding StarD1.- Hepatobiliary transport of bile acids.- Role of Ntcp phosphorylation in cAMP-mediated stimulation of hepatic bile acid uptake.- The concept of basolateral efflux pumps of the hepatocyte.- Insights into the regulation of expression of human OST?-OST?.- Regulation of hepatobiliary transport proteins in chronic cholestasis.- Assessment of inhibitory effect of many therapeutically important drugs on bile acid transport by NTCP, BSEP and other transporters.- Extrahepatocytic transport and actions of bile acids.- Extrahepatocytic transport of bile acids: the role of the cholangiocyte.- Molecular mechanisms of intestinal basolateral bile acid transport.- Regulation of intestinal bile acid transport in health and disease.- Evidence for a role of the FXR-driven intestinal regulatory factor FGF-19 upon cholestyramine and chenodeoxycholic acid treatment and during the diurnal regulation of bile acid synthesis in humans.- Nuclear receptor regulation.- Bile acid-like hormones function as ligands for the nematode orphan nuclear receptor DAF-12 and govern dauer formation, reproduction and lifespan.- Regulation of CYP7A1 by nuclear receptor signalling in human liver cells.- Regulation of hepatic and intestinal bile acid transport by FXR-controlled pathways.- Regulation of bile acid homeostasis by the nuclear bile acid receptor FXR and fibroblast growth factor 15.- Bile salts activate endothelial no synthase in sinusoidal endothelial cells of the liver via the G-protein