Biological Toxins and Bioterrorism

- Abrin and Immunoneutralization: A Review
- Abrin: A Review
- Aflatoxins
- Aptamers as Antidotes against Toxins
- Artificial Resistance using Antitoxins and Anti-venoms
- Basic Chemistry of Toxins Relevant to Vaccine, Diagnostics, and Countermeasures
- Bioactive Peptides Against Bioterror Agents
- Biological Toxin Detection: A Review
- Biology, Ecology and Evolution of Receptor-Based Toxin Resistance
- Biosecurity and Toxins
- Botulinum Toxins Antidotes
- Botulinum Toxins: A Review
- Cellular Assays for Toxins
- Challenges in Developing Inhibitors Against Toxins
- Cholera Toxin
- Counterfeit Botulinum Medical Products and Risk of Bioterrorism
- Decoy-Receptor-Like Toxin-Binding Proteins and Their Potential Role in Toxin Resistance
- Diagnostics of Botulism
- Evolutionary Traits of Toxins
- Mycotoxins
- Mycotoxins II
- Pheromones and Amphibian Biology
- Public Health Lab Response to Potential Toxin Bioterrorism
- Review on BTW: Toxins and Contemporary Bioterrorism
- Ricin as Bioweapons
- Ricin: A Review
- Toxins and Food Safety
- Toxins Detection
- Toxins of GID Relevance
- The Biology of Chemical Signals as Toxins and in Venoms

Prof P. Gopalakrishnakone is a world leader in the characterization of the structure and function of animal and plant toxins and chemical poisons, which contain highly specific and biologically active components. He has contributed significantly to the body of knowledge regarding the anatomy of snake venom glands and the development of drug candidates from animal toxins.  Prof Gopal pioneered the development of the NUS Venom and Toxin Research Programme, which has put NUS at the forefront of toxin research internationally.  The technology platform that has been built over the years under the Venom and Toxin Research Programme, coupled with its extensive library of protein and peptides, has enabled Prof Gopal and his team to complete the discovery process of lead candidates in time and to transfer valuable supplementary information to the next discovery steps involving profiling and optimization of lead candidates.  The objective is to characterize the venom components and natural toxins at a molecular level and identify promising compounds amenable to the development of novel human therapeutics.  Prof Gopal's lab has identified over twenty peptides with unique medical indications from venom-based proteins with some already under development as therapeutics.

Prof Gopal's research studies includes structure function studies (toxin detection, biosensors, antitoxins and neutralization factors), toxicogenomics and expression studies,  antimicrobial peptides from venoms and toxins and PLA2 inhibitors as potential drug candidate for inflammatory diseases.  The techniques he employs include quantum dots to toxinology, computational biology, microarrays and protein chips. He has patented analgesic peptide, anti inflammatory peptide as well as anti rheumatoid arthritis peptides. He is exploring various possibilities of delivery systems for these peptides to target sites and administration of these peptides orally, transdermally, ocular and injections. Prof Gopal has over