Personality and Individual Differences

Preface to Third Edition xiii
Preface to Second Edition xiv
Preface to First Edition xv
Acknowledgments xvii
About the Author xviii
Chapter 1 Introducing Individual Differences - From Everyday to Psychological Questions 1
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Personality: A Commonsense Idea 3
1.3 Describing Individuals 5
1.4 Abnormality 7
1.5 Intelligence, Competition, and Adaptation 8
1.6 Predicting Success 10
1.7 Born Different? 12
1.8 Other Abilities 15
1.9 Variability and Change: Motivation and Mood States 16
1.10 Creativity 18
1.11 Leading the Way 20
1.12 Interests 21
Chapter 2 Personality, Part I 23
2.1 Introduction 24
2.2 Overview and Approaches 25
2.3 Definition of Personality Traits 27
2.4 History of Personality 29
2.5 Personality Traits and States: Dispositional vs. Situational Approaches 34
2.6 Eysenck's Gigantic Three and the Biological Basis of Personality Traits 38
2.7 Self-Report Inventories 41
2.8 The Biological Basis of Personality 45
2.9 Gray's Personality Theory 48
2.10 Cattell's 16Pf and The Lexical Hypothesis 50
2.11 The Five Factor Model (Big Five) 53
2.12 Summary and Conclusions 58
Chapter 3 Personality, Part II - Validating Personality Traits 61
3.1 Introduction 62
3.2 Testing Personality Theories 63
3.3 Personality and Social Behavior 72
3.4 Personality and Romantic Relationships 75
3.5 Personality and Performance 79
3.6 Personality and Health 86
3.7 Personality and Happiness 89
3.8 The Dark Side of Personality 90
3.9 Current Developments Outside The Dispositional Paradigm 93
3.10 Summary and Conclusions 106
Chapter 4 Psychopathology 109
4.1 Introduction 110
4.2 Defining Abnormality 111
4.3 Historical Roots of Psychopathology 113
4.4 Modern Approaches to Psychopathology 115
4.5 Integrative Approaches to Psychopathology: The Biopsychosocial Model 122
4.6 Diagnosis: Classifying Psychological Disorders 124
4.7 Major Psychological Disorders 126
4.8 Criticisms of The Diagnostic Approach 138
4.9 Dimensional View