Cisco Ccent Mind Share Game and Interconnecting Cisco Network Devices, Part 1 (Icnd1) Bundle

Connection Requirements 55 Connection Media 55 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Cable 57 UTP Implementation 58 Auto-MDIX 62 Optical Fiber 62 Chapter 4 Operating Cisco IOS Software 69 Chapter Objectives 70 Cisco IOS Software Features and Functions 70 Cisco IOS CLI Functions 71 Configuring Network Devices 72 External Configuration Sources 73 Entering the EXEC Modes 75 Help in the CLI 77 Enhanced Editing Commands 79 Command History 81 Managing Cisco IOS Configuration 81 Improving the User Experience in the CLI 84 Chapter 5 Switch Technologies 89 Chapter Objectives 90 The Need for Switches 90 Switch Characteristics 92 Starting and Configuring a Switch 93 Switch Installation 93 Switch LED Indicators 93 Connecting to the Console Port 94 Basic Switch Configuration 95 Verifying the Switch Initial Startup Status 97 Switching Operation 99 Duplex Communication 100 Troubleshooting Common Switch Media Issues 102 Media Issues 102 Port Issues 106 Chapter 6 VLANs and Trunks 111 Chapter Objectives 112 Implementing VLANs and Trunks 112 Issues in a Poorly Designed Network 112 VLAN Overview 114 Understanding Trunking with 802.1Q 115 802.1Q Frame 116 802.1Q Native VLAN 117 Understanding VLAN Trunking Protocol 118 VTP Modes 118 VTP Operation 119 VTP Pruning 120 Configuring VLANs and Trunks 121 VTP Configuration 122 Example: VTP Configuration 122 802.1Q Trunking Configuration 123 VLAN Creation 126 VLAN Port Assignment 128 Adds, Moves, and Changes for VLANs 129 Adding VLANs and Port Membership 129 Changing VLANs and Port Membership 130 Deleting VLANs and Port Membership 130 VLAN Design Considerations 130 Physical Redundancy in a LAN 131 Routing Between VLANs 133 Understanding Inter-VLAN Routing 133 Example: Router on a Stick 134 Example: Subinterfaces 135 Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing Using Router on a Stick 135 Using Multilayer (Layer 3) Switches 136 Chapter 7 The TCP/IP Internet Layer 139 Chapter Objectives 140 Understanding TCP/IP's Internet Layer 140 IP Network Addressing 140 IP Address Classes 143 Network and Broadcast Addresses 145 Public and Private IP Addresses 149 Address Exhaustion 150 Addressing Services 153 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 154 Domain Name System 155 Using Common Host Tools to Determine the IP Address of a Host 155 Chapter 8 IP Addressing and Subnets 161 Chapter Objectives 161 Understanding Binary Numbering 162 Decimal and Binary Systems 162 Least Significant Bit and Most Significant Bit 163 Base 2 Conversion System 164 Powers of 2 164 Decimal-to-Binary Conversion 165 Binary-to-Decimal Conversion 166 Constructing a Network Addressing Scheme 167 Subnetworks 167 Two-Level and Three-Level Addresses 169 Subnet Creation 170 Computing Usable Subnetworks and Hosts 170 Computing Hosts for a Class C Subnetwork 170 Computing Hosts for a Class B Subnetwork 171 Computing Hosts for a Class A Subnetwork 172 How End Systems Use Subnet Masks 173 How Routers Use Subnet Masks 174 Mechanics of Subnet Mask Operation 176 Applying Subnet Mask Operation 178 Determining the Network Addressing Scheme 179 Class C Example 180 Class B Example 181 Class A Example 183 Implementing Variable-Length Subnet Masks 184 Introducing VLSMs 184 Route Summarization with VLSM 187 Chapter 9 The TCP/IP Transport Layer 195 Chapter Objectives 195 Understanding TCP/IP's Transport Layer 196 The Transport Layer 196 TCP/IP Applications 199 Transport Layer Functionality 200 TCP/UDP Header Format 202 How TCP and UDP Use Port Numbers 204 Establishing a TCP Connection: The Three-Way Handshake 205 Session Multiplexing 208 Segmentation 209 Flow Control for TCP/UDP 209 Acknowledgment 210 Windowing 211 Fixed Windowing 211 Example: Throwing a Ball 212 TCP Sliding Windowing 213 Maximize Throughput 214 Global Synchronization 214 Chapter 10 The Functions of Routing 219 Chapter Objectives 220 Exploring the Functions of Routing 220 Routers 220 Path Determination 222 Routing Tables 223 Routing Table Information 223 Routing Update Messages 224 Static, Dynamic, Directly Connected, and Default Routes 224 Dynamic Routing Protocols 225 Routing Metrics 225 Routing Methods 226 Chapter 11 The Packet Delivery Process 233 Chapter Objectives 233 Exploring the Packet Delivery Process 234 Layer 1 Devices and Their Functions 234 Layer 2 Devices and Their Functions 234 Layer 2 Addressing 235 Layer 3 Devices and Their Functions 236 Layer 3 Addressing 236 Mapping Layer 2 Addressing to Layer 3 Addressing 237 ARP Table 238 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery 238 Function of the Default Gateway 247 Using Common Host Tools to Determine the Path Between Two Hosts Across a Network 248 Chapter 12 Configuring a Cisco Router 255 Chapter Objectives 255 Starting a Cisco Router 256 Initial Startup of a Cisco Router 256 Initial Setup of a Cisco Router 257 Logging In to the Cisco Router 263 Showing the Router Initial Startup Status 266 Summary of Starting a Cisco Router 267 Configuring a Cisco Router 267 Cisco Router Configuration Modes 268 Configuring a Cisco Router from the CLI 269 Configuring Cisco Router Interfaces 271 Configuring the Cisco Router IP Address 272 Verifying the Interface Configuration 273 Verifying the Interface Configuration 277 Chapter 13 Static Routing 285 Chapter Objectives 285 Enabling Static Routing 286 Routing Overview 286 Static and Dynamic Route Comparison 287 Static Route Configuration 288 Example: Understanding Static Routes 288 Example: Configuring Static Routes 289 Default Route Forwarding Configuration 290 Static Route Verification 290 Chapter 14 Dynamic Routing Protocols 293 Chapter Objectives 294 Dynamic Routing Protocol Overview 294 Features of Dynamic Routing Protocols 296 Example: Administrative Distance 296 Classful Routing Versus Classless Routing Protocols 297 Distance Vector Route Selection 299 Example: Distance Vector Routing Protocols 299 Example: Sources of Information and Discovering Routes 300 Understanding Link-State Routing Protocols 300 Link-State Routing Protocol Algorithms 304 Chapter 15 OSPF 311 Chapter Objectives 311 Introducing OSPF 312 Establishing OSPF Neighbor Adjacencies 313 SPF Algorithm 315 Configuring and Verifying OSPF 316 Loopback Interfaces 317 Verifying the OSPF Configuration 318 Load Balancing with OSPF 326 OSPF Authentication 328 Types of Authentication 328 Configuring Plaintext Password Authentication 329 Example: Plaintext Password Authentication Configuration 330 Verifying Plaintext Password Authentication 331 Troubleshooting OSPF 332 Components of Troubleshooting OSPF 332 Troubleshooting OSPF Neighbor Adjacencies 333 Troubleshooting OSPF Routing Tables 336 Troubleshooting Plaintext Password Authentication 337 Chapter 16 DHCP and NAT 343 Chapter Objectives 343 Using a Cisco Router as a DHCP Server 344 Understanding DHCP 344 DHCPDISCOVER 344 DHCPOFFER 345 DHCPREQUEST 345 DHCPACK 345 Configuring a Cisco Router as a DHCP Client 345 Using a Cisco Router as a DHCP Server 345 Using a Cisco Router as a DHCP Relay Agent 347 Scaling the Network with NAT and PAT 347 Introducing NAT and PAT 348 Translating Inside Source Addresses 350 Static NAT Address Mapping 353 Dynamic Address Translation 354 Overloading an Inside Global Address 355 Resolving Translation Table Issues 359 Resolving Issues by Using the Correct Translation Entry 362 Chapter 17 Securing the Network 371 Chapter Objectives 372 Securing the Network 372 Need for Network Security 372 Balancing Network Security Requirements 375 Adversaries, Hacker Motivations, and Classes of Attack 376 Classes of Attack 376 Mitigating Common Threats 377 Physical Installations 377 Reconnaissance Attacks 378 Access Attacks 379 Password Attacks 379 Understanding Cisco Device Security 380 Physical and Environmental Threats 380 Configuring Password Security 380 Configuring the Login Banner 382 Telnet Versus SSH Access 383 Port Security Configuration on Switches 384 Securing Unused Ports 387 Chapter 18 Managing Traffic with Access Control Lists 391 Chapter Objectives 392 Access Control List Operation 392 Understanding ACLs 392 ACL Operation 395 Types of ACLs 398 ACL Identification 398 Additional Types of ACLs 401 Dynamic ACLs 401 Reflexive ACLs 402 Time-Based ACLs 404 ACL Wildcard Masking 405 Configuring ACLs 408 Configuring Numbered Standard IPv4 ACLs 408 Example: Numbered Standard IPv4 ACL-Permit My Network Only 409 Example: Numbered Standard IPv4 ACL-Deny a Specific Host 410 Example: Numbered Standard IPv4 ACL-Deny a Specific Subnet 411 Controlling Access to the Router Using ACLs 413 Configuring Numbered Extended IPv4 ACLs 413 Extended ACL with the established Parameter 416 Numbered Extended IP ACL: Deny FTP from Subnets 417 Numbered Extended ACL: Deny Only Telnet from Subnet 418 Configuring Named ACLs 419 Creating Named Standard IP ACLs 420 Creating Named Extended IP ACLs 421 Named Extended ACL: Deny a Single Host from a Given Subnet 422 Named Extended ACL-Deny a Telnet from a Subnet 424 Adding Comments to Named or Numbered ACLs 425 Troubleshooting ACLs 425 Problem: Host Connectivity 427 Chapter 19 Introducing WAN Technologies 433 Chapter Objectives 433 Introducing WANs 434 WANs Versus LANs 435 The Role of Routers in the WAN 437 WAN Communication Link Options 437 Point-to-Point Connectivity 438 Configuring a Point-to-Point Link 438 Chapter 20 Introducing IPv6 441 Chapter Objectives 441 Overview of IPv6 442 IPv6 Features and Addresses 443 IPv6 Address Types 444 IPv6 Address Allocation Options 446 IPv6 Header Changes and Benefits 447 Other IPv6 Features 449 ICMPv6 449 Neighbor Discovery 449 Stateless Autoconfiguration 449 IPv6 Routing 450 Basic IPv6 Connectivity 451 Configuring IPv6 Routing 452 Static Routing 452 OSPFv3 452 Appendix A Answers to Chapter Review Questions 457 Appendix B Acronyms and Abbreviations 471 Glossary 477