Clinical Toxinology in Australia, Europe, and Amer: Clinical Toxinology in Australia, Europe, and Americas

postdoctoral research fellow in molecular immunology at Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation in La Jolla, California. He completed a medical internship in Germany and 4 years of residency training in clinical pathology at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., and at Indiana University/Purdue University in Indianapolis. He is a licensed physician and a board-certified clinical pathologist both in the USA and Germany. He was on the faculty of Georgetown University School of Medicine for approximately 9 years in the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Internal Medicine, and a member of the Lombardi Cancer Center, before assuming the chairmanship of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the University of Hamburg in 1990. In 1999, he became Director of the Cancer Research Center of Hawaii at the University of Hawaii, a position he held for about a decade. He currently is a full professor at the same institution. His research interests have been in the area of basic biomedical research with particular emphasis on the immunological aspects of cancer as well as the development of novel therapeutic concepts for diseases with complement pathogenesis,based on the complement-depleting activity of cobra venom factor. His research has been supported continuously by peer-reviewed grants since 1983, mainly from the National Institutes of Health. He is the author of well over 100 publications and patents.

Steven A. Seifert, MD, FAACT, FACMT is a professor at the University of New Mexico School of Medicine, the medical director of the New Mexico Poison and Drug Information Center, and editor-in-chief of Clinical Toxicology (Taylor & Francis). Dr. Seifert received his B.S. with Honors and with Distinction from Cornell University and his M.D. from the University Of Cincinnati College Of Medicine. He completed his Medical Toxicology Fellowship at the University of Colorado, Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center. He is certified in Medical Toxicology by the Toxicology Sub-Board of the American Board of Emergency Medicine and has an Advanced Certification in Medical Writing and Editing from the University of Chicago. He became the medical director of the Nebraska Regional Poison Center in 2001 and, in 2007, the medical director of the New Mexico Poison Center. Among other toxinology-related activities, he participated as a principle site investigator in two snake antivenom clinical trials, both leading to USFDA approval, and a black widow spider antivenom clinical trial. It was under his US HRSA grants that the online Antivenom Index was co-conceived and co-developed with Leslie Boyer. He developed the concept for, organized and chaired the first Venom Week meeting in 2005 and has organized and chaired three of the five held to-date. He was a founding member and the first President (2012-2016) of the North American Society of Toxinology. He has been a faculty member in the Short Course on Clinical Toxinology at the University of Adelaide and in an abbreviated version of that course at NACCT. He has published original research, reviews, book chapters, editorials and other work on envenomation, including chapters in Goldman-Cecil's Textbook of Medicine, Brent's Critical Care Toxicology, Conn's Current Therapy, Dart's Medical Toxicology 3e, and is an author of the "Crotalinae" and "Micrurus" chapters of UpToDate.

Denise V. Tambourgi graduated with a biology degree, and with a Master's and Ph.D. in Immunology, from the University of São Paulo. She is currently director of the Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Butantan Institute, and Scientist of Productivity in Research from the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) of Brazil. She has experience in the area of immunology, with emphasis on immunochemistry, acting on the following subjects: complement system, innate immune system, immunomodulators, venoms/toxins and antivenoms.