Determinants and Interventions for Preterm and Low Weight Births

BURDEN OF ILLNESS
METHODS
Objectives of the Synopsis
Methods of the Synopsis
Limitations of the Synopsis
ECONOMICAL ASPECTS OF PRETERM BIRTH/LBW
MATERNAL DEMOGRAPHICS
Maternal Age
Parity
Birth Interval
Marital Status
Pregnancy - Intended or not Intended
MATERNAL ANTHROPOMETRIC CHRACTERISTICS
Maternal Height
Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Weight
Maternal Body Mass Index (BMI)
Gestational Weight Gain
INTERGENERATIONAL INFLUENCES
Genetics
Maternal/Paternal Weight at Birth
Maternal/Paternal Gestational Age at Birth
History of Previous Preterm/LBW/IUGR Birth
MATERNAL MEDICAL FACTORS
Maternal General Medical Conditions
History of Previous Induced Abortion
Pregnancy Associated Conditions
Uterine Factors
Placental Factors
FETEAL FACTORS
Fetal Sex
Fetal Anomalies (Heritable or Non-Heritable)
Multiple Fetuses
PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS/STRESS/SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS
Neighborhood Factors
Violence/Abuse
Maternal Trauma
Natural and Man Made Disasters
ART
LIFE STYLE FACTORS
Tobacco Use
Alcohol Use
Caffeine Use
Licorice Ingestion
Substance Use
Herbal Medicine Use
Exercise
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXINS
Passive Smoking
Environmental Pollutants/Factors
Air Pollution
Water Pollution
Pesticides Exposure
OCCUPATIONAL FACTORS (MATERNAL AND PATERNAL)
Occupation
Occupational Conditions
Occupation Types
NUTRITIONAL FACTORS
Nutritional Advice
Maternal Nutrient Supplementation
Energy and Protein Intake
Iron
Folic Acid
Calcium
Magnesium
Zinc
Vitamin D
Multiple Micronutrients
Fish Oil
INFECTIONS
Bacterial Vaginosis
Trichomoniasis
Chlamydia
Urinary Tract Infection
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
Periodontal Infections
ANTENATAL CARE AND EARLY DETECTION OF FETAL RISK
Provison of Antenatal Care
Early Detection of Preterm Labour
Clinical and Biochemical Markers
Ultrasound Markers
Biochemical Markers
PREVENTION FOLLOWING THREATENED PRETERM LABOR
Bed Rest
Hospitalization
Hydration
Tocolytics
Antibiotics
Cervical Cerclage
Multicomponent

Arne Ohlsson is Director Evidence Based Neonatal Care and Outcomes Research, Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, and Professor Departments of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Health, Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto. He undertook medical training at the University of Uppsala, Sweden followed by speciality training in Paediatrics, Child and Youth Psychiatry and Neonatology. He completed his MSc at McMaster University, Hamilton, where he served as the Director of the Canadian Cochrane Network and Centre between 1998 and 2005. In 2003 he received the Distinguished Neonatologist Award from the Neonatal/Perinatal Medicine Section of the Canadian Paediatric Society.Prakesh Shah is a staff Neonatologist and Epidemiologist working at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto. He is an Assistant professor in the Departments of Paediatrics and Health Policy, Management and Evaluation at the University of Toronto. He completed his medical training in India, postgraduate training in India and UK followed by fellowship in Neonatal Perinatal Medicine at University of Toronto hospitals. During the fellowship he also completed MSc in Clinical Epidemiology at University of Toronto and currently teaches in Clinical Epidemiology Program at the University of Toronto. He is co-representative for University of Toronto Network site of Cochrane Collaboration.