Figurale Bronzen ägyptischer und griechisch-römischer Art vom Jabal al- Awd, Jemen. Die Felsmalereien von Djarf al-Yahudi im zentraljemenitischen Hochland. Neuere Informationen zur Palastarchitektur im vorislamischen Arabien
The first article in this volume presents 17 bronzes that came to light among the ruins of an enwalled settlement atop the Jabal al-'Awd, a nearly 3000-meter high mountain located some 50 km east of Ibb. The figural bronzes encompass Egyptian or Greek-Roman...
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The first article in this volume presents 17 bronzes that came to light among the ruins of an enwalled settlement atop the Jabal al-'Awd, a nearly 3000-meter high mountain located some 50 km east of Ibb. The figural bronzes encompass Egyptian or Greek-Roman kinds, but also those obviously produced in South Arabia that display the influence of works from the Mediterranean sphere.
Residences of rulers and palaces are a well-known occurrence among ancient civilizations. This applies to ancient South Arabia as well, whence a number of such complexes are found, for example, the palace of Gumdan in Sana'a. The description of Gumdan, as documented by al-Hamdani for instance, shows great similarity with the rock paintings at Djarf al-Yahudi, a basolt promontory located ca. 50 km east of Sana'a.
The second contribution in this tome provides a description of these rock paintings and compares them with the documentation made by al-Hamdani.
Residences of rulers and palaces are a well-known occurrence among ancient civilizations. This applies to ancient South Arabia as well, whence a number of such complexes are found, for example, the palace of Gumdan in Sana'a. The description of Gumdan, as documented by al-Hamdani for instance, shows great similarity with the rock paintings at Djarf al-Yahudi, a basolt promontory located ca. 50 km east of Sana'a.
The second contribution in this tome provides a description of these rock paintings and compares them with the documentation made by al-Hamdani.
Klappentext zu „Figurale Bronzen ägyptischer und griechisch-römischer Art vom Jabal al- Awd, Jemen. Die Felsmalereien von Djarf al-Yahudi im zentraljemenitischen Hochland. Neuere Informationen zur Palastarchitektur im vorislamischen Arabien “
Robert Fleischer - Regine Schulz: Figurale Bronzen ägyptischer und griechisch-römischer Art vom Jabal al-'Awd, JemenIn 1996 a local farmer discovered a large number of ancient bronzes below the summit of the mountain Jabal al-'Awd in Yemen at a height of nearly 3000 m. Only a few of these objects are known today. Other ancient objects had been illegally excavated in this area before, and the new find initiated official excavations, executed by the German Archaeological Institute, department Sana'a.
On the mountain was a fortified town with gates, a temple, cobbled streets and houses built of volcanic stone. This town was used in the first three centuries of the Common Era, and was probably destroyed by invading Ethiopians. The bronzes came from a large building, an impressive construction built with imported limestone blocks. The building had several floors, which had collapsed and the bronzes were presumably thrown down from the upper floors. It is possible that they were stored in a hidden place in times of conflict, or they were part of the booty of war of the city dwellers.
The variety of objects is diverse and includes numerous South Arabian pieces. Those of local tradition are not part of this work and will be published separately by a different author. The material presented here includes bronzes imported from Egypt, Italy and possibly other areas of the Mediterranean. Also included are locally produced examples influenced by Mediterranean models, identified as South Arabian based on technical characteristics.
Two very similar female statuettes were part of a larger series, but they are different in size and therefore cast in different moulds. This raises the question where these bronzes were made, and if perhaps a craftsman was the producer traveling with his moulds. Two bronzes, the Egyptian Sphinx and the bust of Athena have South Arabian inscriptions, which identify them as votive offerings. These inscriptions have nothing to do with their
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original purpose, nor with the place of their discovery. Most unusual is the facemask of a Roman cavalry helmet, the only specimen of this kind found outside the borders of the Roman Empire.
The bronzes from the Jabal al-'Awd are the largest and most important discovery of its kind on the Arabian Peninsula. It is unfortunate that only a few have been preserved and are available for research. Since the turn of the era these objects either reached Yemen by trade or they were manufactured in South Arabia. The trade route from Egypt through the Red Sea to India became intensified under the reign of Augustus, and South Arabia and the Mediterranean were brought closer together as never before.
Mohammed Ali al-Salami: Die Felsmalereien von Djarf al-Yahudi im zentraljemenitischen Hochland. Neue Informationen zur Palastarchitektur im vorislamischen Arabien
The article concerns paintings of architecture found on a rock projection in Djarf al-Yahudi in Khawlan at-Tiyal, located ca. 50 km east of Sana'a. The representation of a large complex of buildings was made in Middle Sabaean times (1st century BC - 3rd century AD); it is shown together with other, contextually unrelated motifs, graffiti of animals and persons as well as short inscriptions. The paintings are mainly in dark red, black and white colours.
The architectural representation can be divided into three juxtaposed sections, each depicting different structures. These are multi-storied buildings that picture fortified or palatial complexes. Such monumental edifices are known from pre-Islamic inscriptions, but also from descriptions in later Islamic times (for example, by al-Hamdani, 10th century AD); however, until now they have not been clearly attested in archaeological contexts. The exceedingly detailed illustrations are not limited to just the buildings themselves, but also pertain to the furnishings such as statuary, plants and other decorative elements. This enables the co
The bronzes from the Jabal al-'Awd are the largest and most important discovery of its kind on the Arabian Peninsula. It is unfortunate that only a few have been preserved and are available for research. Since the turn of the era these objects either reached Yemen by trade or they were manufactured in South Arabia. The trade route from Egypt through the Red Sea to India became intensified under the reign of Augustus, and South Arabia and the Mediterranean were brought closer together as never before.
Mohammed Ali al-Salami: Die Felsmalereien von Djarf al-Yahudi im zentraljemenitischen Hochland. Neue Informationen zur Palastarchitektur im vorislamischen Arabien
The article concerns paintings of architecture found on a rock projection in Djarf al-Yahudi in Khawlan at-Tiyal, located ca. 50 km east of Sana'a. The representation of a large complex of buildings was made in Middle Sabaean times (1st century BC - 3rd century AD); it is shown together with other, contextually unrelated motifs, graffiti of animals and persons as well as short inscriptions. The paintings are mainly in dark red, black and white colours.
The architectural representation can be divided into three juxtaposed sections, each depicting different structures. These are multi-storied buildings that picture fortified or palatial complexes. Such monumental edifices are known from pre-Islamic inscriptions, but also from descriptions in later Islamic times (for example, by al-Hamdani, 10th century AD); however, until now they have not been clearly attested in archaeological contexts. The exceedingly detailed illustrations are not limited to just the buildings themselves, but also pertain to the furnishings such as statuary, plants and other decorative elements. This enables the co
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Autoren-Porträt von Robert Fleischer, Regine Schulz, Mohammed A. Al-Salami
Prof. Dr. Robert Fleischergeboren 1941 in Wien; 1958 bis 1963 Studium der Klassischen Archäologie und Alten Geschichte an der Universität Wien; 1963 bis 1977 Assistent am Österreichischen Archäologischen Institut; 1964/65 österreichisches Bundesheer; 1973 Habilitation Universität Wien; 1977 bis 2006 Prof. Universität Mainz; 1989 Visiting Prof. Bryn Mawr College, USA.
Ausgrabungen und Feldforschungen in Österreich, Deutschland, Griechenland, Türkei, Jemen.
Klassische und Provinzialrömische Archäologie, speziell antike Bronzen, anatolische Kultstatuen, klassische Sarkophage, hellenistische Herrscherporträts, Felsgräber in Anatolien.
Prof. Dr. Regine Schulz
ist Direktorin des Roemer- und Pelizaeus-Museums in Hildesheim und Professorin für Ägyptologie an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in München. Sie war von 2001 bis 2011 Kuratorin für Antike Kunst am Walters Art Museum und Professorin am Near Eastern Department der Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore (USA). Seit den 90er Jahren hat sich Regine Schulz auch intensiv mit Südarabien beschäftigt und 1999 eine Ausstellung mit dem Titel "Schätze aus dem Land der Königin von Saba" in Hildesheim und 2007 "Faces of Ancient Arabia" in Baltimore kuratiert.
Muhammad Ali al-Salami
ist derzeit Associate Professor für Altsüdarabisch an der Universität Sanaa. Er ist 2010 in Jena mit einer Arbeit über die sabäischen Inschriften aus dem Hawlan promoviert worden. Sein Arbeitsgebiet umfasst neben den altsüdarabischen Dialekten die Geschichte und Genealogie der arabischen Stämme.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autoren: Robert Fleischer , Regine Schulz , Mohammed A. Al-Salami
- 2012, 112 Seiten, 59 Schwarz-Weiß-Abbildungen, Maße: 22,5 x 31 cm, Gebunden, Deutsch
- Verlag: Reichert
- ISBN-10: 3895008427
- ISBN-13: 9783895008429
- Erscheinungsdatum: 06.06.2012
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