Fractal Array Antenna for Small Satellite Applications

The rapid growth in wireless system during the past two decades has set new demand in electromagnetic engineering. There is a trend to integrate the entire system including antenna on a single chip, this require the design of miniaturized power efficient and low profile antenna. Further multi band operation of wireless system has received considerable attention. This requirement has initiated research in various directions, especially in design of compact multiband antenna and filters. One of the primary areas of research for multiband operation is fractal electrodynamics, in which the fractal geometry is combined with electrodynamics for the purpose of investigating a new class of radiation and scattering problems. Fractals are complex shapes which contain an infinite number of scaled copies of the geometry and relevant at different frequencies. Due to the fractal configuration large electrical length is fitted in to the small physical volume, getting the desired radiation characteristics. Thus the high convoluted shape of a fractal allows reducing the overall volume occupied by the resonating element.