Glass Ceramic Technology
(Sprache: Englisch)
Glass-ceramic materials- principles, development, and applications
Glass-ceramic materials occupy a unique position in the development of a range of new and versatile technologies. Offering readers a comprehensive overview of the many types of...
Glass-ceramic materials occupy a unique position in the development of a range of new and versatile technologies. Offering readers a comprehensive overview of the many types of...
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Glass-ceramic materials- principles, development, and applicationsGlass-ceramic materials occupy a unique position in the development of a range of new and versatile technologies. Offering readers a comprehensive overview of the many types of glass-ceramic materials, the methods of their development, and their countless uses across a range of industries, Glass-Ceramic Technology, Second Edition is a must-have resource on a rapidly emerging field of materials science.
With applications across many industries, from missile nose cones to cookware to electronic packaging, glass-ceramics are found in virtually all fields where thermo-mechanical properties are most critical. Edited by two leading authorities in the field, Wolfram Höland and George H. Beall, responsible themselves for the development of several of the new materials described in the book, Glass-Ceramic Technology examines the key principles involved in glass-ceramic formation, composition systems, microstructure control, and more.
Fully revised and updated to provide cutting-edge coverage of the most recent developments, this Second Edition looks at new high-strength glass-ceramics, new composite materials containing glass-ceramics and high-strength polycrystalline ceramics, new glass-ceramics with special optical properties and new dental materials. The book provides in-depth discussion of development trends, with an emphasis on controlled nucleation and crystallization in specific materials systems, placing a particular emphasis on applications within the medical and dental fields.
Designed as a resource for anyone looking to learn more about glass-ceramic materials, their scientific and technological background, and their applications, Glass-Ceramic Technology, Second Edition is essential reading for scientists, engineers, technicians, and students working in the natural and medical sciences and technology, and related fields.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „Glass Ceramic Technology “
INTRODUCTION TO THE SECOND EDITION XIINTRODUCTION TO THE FIRST EDITION XIII
HISTORY XVII
CHAPTER 1 PRINCIPLES OF DESIGNING GLASS-CERAMIC FORMATION 1
1.1 Advantages of Glass-Ceramic Formation 1
1.1.1 Processing Properties 2
1.1.2 Thermal Properties 3
1.1.3 Optical Properties 3
1.1.4 Chemical Properties 3
1.1.5 Biological Properties 3
1.1.6 Mechanical Properties 3
1.1.7 Electrical and Magnetic Properties 4
1.2 Factors of Design 4
1.3 Crystal Structures and Mineral Properties 5
1.3.1 Crystalline Silicates 5
1.3.1.1 Nesosilicates 6
1.3.1.2 Sorosilicates 7
1.3.1.3 Cyclosilicates 7
1.3.1.4 Inosilicates 7
1.3.1.5 Phyllosilicates 8
1.3.1.6 Tectosilicates 8
1.3.2 Phosphates 32
1.3.2.1 Apatite 32
1.3.2.2 Orthophosphates and Diphosphates 34
1.3.2.3 Metaphosphates 36
1.3.3 Oxides 37
1.3.3.1 TiO2 37
1.3.3.2 ZrO2 38
1.3.3.3 MgAl2O4 (Spinel) 39
1.4 Nucleation 39
1.4.1 Homogeneous Nucleation 42
1.4.2 Heterogeneous Nucleation 43
1.4.3 Kinetics of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation 45
1.4.4 Examples for Applying the Nucleation Theory in the Development of Glass-Ceramics 48
1.4.4.1 Volume Nucleation 49
1.4.4.2 Surface Nucleation 54
1.4.4.3 Time-Temperature-Transformation Diagrams 57
1.5 Crystal Growth 59
1.5.1 Primary Growth 60
1.5.2 Anisotropic Growth 62
1.5.3 Surface Growth 68
1.5.4 Dendritic and Spherulitic Crystallization 70
1.5.4.1 Phenomenology 70
1.5.4.2 Dendritic and Spherulitic Crystallization Application 72
1.5.5 Secondary Grain Growth 72
CHAPTER 2 COMPOSITION SYSTEMS FOR GLASS-CERAMICS 75
2.1 Alkaline and Alkaline Earth Silicates 75
2.1.1 SiO2-Li2O (Lithium Disilicate) 75
2.1.1.1 Stoichiometric Composition 75
2.1.1.2 Nonstoichiometric Multicomponent Compositions 77
2.1.2 SiO2-BaO (Sanbornite) 88
2.1.2.1 Stoichiometric Barium-Disilicate 88
2.1.2.2 Multicomponent Glass-Ceramics 89
2.2 Aluminosilicates 90
2.2.1
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SiO2-Al2O3 (Mullite) 90
2.2.2 SiO2-Al2O3-Li2O (ß-Quartz Solid Solution, ß-Spodumene Solid Solution) 92
2.2.2.1 ß-Quartz Solid Solution Glass-Ceramics 93
2.2.2.2 ß-Spodumene Solid-Solution Glass-Ceramics 97
2.2.3 SiO2-Al2O2-Na2O (Nepheline) 99
2.2.4 SiO2-Al2O3-Cs2O (Pollucite) 102
2.2.5 SiO2-Al2O3-MgO (Cordierite, Enstatite, Forsterite) 105
2.2.5.1 Cordierite Glass-Ceramics 105
2.2.5.2 Enstatite Glass-Ceramics 110
2.2.5.3 Forsterite Glass-Ceramics 112
2.2.6 SiO2-Al2O3-CaO (Wollastonite) 114
2.2.7 SiO2-Al2O3-ZnO (Zn-Stuffed ß-Quartz, Willemite-Zincite) 116
2.2.7.1 Zinc-Stuffed ß-Quartz Glass-Ceramics 116
2.2.7.2 Willemite and Zincite Glass-Ceramics 119
2.2.8 SiO2-Al2O3-ZnO-MgO (Spinel, Gahnite) 120
2.2.8.1 Spinel Glass-Ceramic Without ß-Quartz 120
2.2.8.2 ß-Quartz-Spinel Glass-Ceramics 122
2.2.9 SiO2-Al2O3-CaO (Slag Sital) 123
2.2.10 SiO2-Al2O3-K2O (Leucite) 126
2.2.11 SiO2-Ga2O3-Al2O3-Li2O-Na2O-K2O (Li-Al-Gallate Spinel) 130
2.2.12 SiO2-Al2O3-SrO-BaO (Sr-Feldspar-Celsian) 131
2.3 Fluorosilicates 135
2.3.1 SiO2-(R3+)2O3-MgO-(R2+)O-(R+)2O-F (Mica) 135
2.3.1.1 Alkaline Phlogopite Glass-Ceramics 135
2.3.1.2 Alkali-Free Phlogopite Glass-Ceramics 141
2.3.1.3 Tetrasilicic Mica Glass-Ceramic 142
2.3.2 SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-CaO-ZrO2-F (Mica, Zirconia) 143
2.3.3 SiO2-CaO-R2O-F (Canasite) 145
2.3.4 SiO2-MgO-CaO-(R+)2O-F (Amphibole) 151
2.4 Silicophosphates 155
2.4.1 SiO2-CaO-Na2O-P2O5 (Apatite) 155
2.4.2 SiO2-MgO-CaO-P2O5-F (Apatite, Wollastonite) 157
2.4.3 SiO2-MgO-Na2O-K2O-CaO-P2O5 (Apatite) 157
2.4.4 SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-CaO-Na2O-K2O-P2O5-F (Mica, Apatite) 159
2.4.5 SiO2-MgO-CaO-TiO2-P2O5 (Apatite, Magnesium Titanate) 164
2.4.6 SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-Na2O-K2O-P2O5-F (Needlelike Apatite) 165
2.4.6.1 Formation of Needlelike Apatite as a Parallel Reaction to Rhenanite 169
2.4.6.2 Formation of Needlelike Apatite from Disordered Spherical Fluoroapatite 173
2.4.7 SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-Na
2.2.2 SiO2-Al2O3-Li2O (ß-Quartz Solid Solution, ß-Spodumene Solid Solution) 92
2.2.2.1 ß-Quartz Solid Solution Glass-Ceramics 93
2.2.2.2 ß-Spodumene Solid-Solution Glass-Ceramics 97
2.2.3 SiO2-Al2O2-Na2O (Nepheline) 99
2.2.4 SiO2-Al2O3-Cs2O (Pollucite) 102
2.2.5 SiO2-Al2O3-MgO (Cordierite, Enstatite, Forsterite) 105
2.2.5.1 Cordierite Glass-Ceramics 105
2.2.5.2 Enstatite Glass-Ceramics 110
2.2.5.3 Forsterite Glass-Ceramics 112
2.2.6 SiO2-Al2O3-CaO (Wollastonite) 114
2.2.7 SiO2-Al2O3-ZnO (Zn-Stuffed ß-Quartz, Willemite-Zincite) 116
2.2.7.1 Zinc-Stuffed ß-Quartz Glass-Ceramics 116
2.2.7.2 Willemite and Zincite Glass-Ceramics 119
2.2.8 SiO2-Al2O3-ZnO-MgO (Spinel, Gahnite) 120
2.2.8.1 Spinel Glass-Ceramic Without ß-Quartz 120
2.2.8.2 ß-Quartz-Spinel Glass-Ceramics 122
2.2.9 SiO2-Al2O3-CaO (Slag Sital) 123
2.2.10 SiO2-Al2O3-K2O (Leucite) 126
2.2.11 SiO2-Ga2O3-Al2O3-Li2O-Na2O-K2O (Li-Al-Gallate Spinel) 130
2.2.12 SiO2-Al2O3-SrO-BaO (Sr-Feldspar-Celsian) 131
2.3 Fluorosilicates 135
2.3.1 SiO2-(R3+)2O3-MgO-(R2+)O-(R+)2O-F (Mica) 135
2.3.1.1 Alkaline Phlogopite Glass-Ceramics 135
2.3.1.2 Alkali-Free Phlogopite Glass-Ceramics 141
2.3.1.3 Tetrasilicic Mica Glass-Ceramic 142
2.3.2 SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-CaO-ZrO2-F (Mica, Zirconia) 143
2.3.3 SiO2-CaO-R2O-F (Canasite) 145
2.3.4 SiO2-MgO-CaO-(R+)2O-F (Amphibole) 151
2.4 Silicophosphates 155
2.4.1 SiO2-CaO-Na2O-P2O5 (Apatite) 155
2.4.2 SiO2-MgO-CaO-P2O5-F (Apatite, Wollastonite) 157
2.4.3 SiO2-MgO-Na2O-K2O-CaO-P2O5 (Apatite) 157
2.4.4 SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-CaO-Na2O-K2O-P2O5-F (Mica, Apatite) 159
2.4.5 SiO2-MgO-CaO-TiO2-P2O5 (Apatite, Magnesium Titanate) 164
2.4.6 SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-Na2O-K2O-P2O5-F (Needlelike Apatite) 165
2.4.6.1 Formation of Needlelike Apatite as a Parallel Reaction to Rhenanite 169
2.4.6.2 Formation of Needlelike Apatite from Disordered Spherical Fluoroapatite 173
2.4.7 SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-Na
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Autoren-Porträt von Wolfram Holand, George H. Beall
WOLFRAM HÖLAND, PhD, is the Head of the Department of Research and Development, Inorganic Chemistry Technical Fundamentals, at Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Liechtenstein. He is also a Lecturer in the Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH Zurich) in Switzerland. Dr. Höland is the recipient of several awards, including the Wöhler Prize of the German Chemical Society and the Turner Award of the International Commission on Glass.GEORGE H. BEALL, PhD, received his PhD in geology from MIT in 1962 and was a Research Fellow in the Science and Technology Division of Corning Incorporated, Corning, New York. Until 1995, Dr. Beall was a Courtesy Professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Cornell University, and has authored or coauthored approximately eighty technical papers and one book, and holds more than 100 U.S. patents.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autoren: Wolfram Holand , George H. Beall
- 2012, 2. Aufl., 448 Seiten, mit farbigen Abbildungen, Maße: 16,3 x 23,4 cm, Gebunden, Englisch
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- ISBN-10: 0470487879
- ISBN-13: 9780470487877
- Erscheinungsdatum: 03.08.2012
Sprache:
Englisch
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