Hybrid Positioning Systems

Currently, there are numerous location technologies that are used to determine the position of mobile devices in a space or grid, based on some mathematical models, where positioning means allowing a mobile device to be aware of its location with different degree of precision and accuracy. Unfortunately positioning systems have failed to grow in terms of usage by a common man as they haven't been ubiquitous. The local positioning systems fail to work outdoors, whereas the conventional Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) based positioning systems do not work inside buildings due to the absence of line of sight to satellites. So there is a need for positioning systems that can work both indoors and outdoors, hence giving birth to the concept of Hybrid Positioning Systems (HyPos). In this book eight different HyPos are reviewed, which integrate technologies like RFID, CDMA, TV signal, Cell, Wi-Fi, and pseudolites for positioning. The systems are reviewed on the basis on availability, accuracy, and cost of development.