MRI in Practice
(Sprache: Englisch)
Since the first edition was published in 1993, MRI in Practice has become the standard text for radiographers, technologists, radiology residents, radiologists and even sales representatives on the subject of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). This text is...
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Produktinformationen zu „MRI in Practice “
Since the first edition was published in 1993, MRI in Practice has become the standard text for radiographers, technologists, radiology residents, radiologists and even sales representatives on the subject of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). This text is essential reading on undergraduate and postgraduate MRI courses.
Klappentext zu „MRI in Practice “
Since the first edition was published in 1993, the book has become the standard text for radiographers, technologists, radiology residents, radiologists and even sales representatives on the subject of magnetic resonance imaging. This text is essential reading on postgraduate courses. Furthermore MRI in Practice has come to be known as the number one reference book and study guide in the areas of MR instrumentation, principles, pulse sequences, image acquisition, and imaging parameters for the advanced level examination for MRI offered by the American Registry for Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) in the USA.The book explains in clear terms the theory that underpins magnetic resonance so that the capabilities and operation of MRI systems can be fully appreciated and maximised. This fourth edition captures recent advances, and coverage includes: parallel imaging techniques and new sequences such as balanced gradient echo.
Building on the success of the first three editions, the fourth edition has been fully revised and updated. It also now has a companion website which hosts animated versions of a selection of illustrations in the book to aid with the reader's comprehension of some of the more difficult concepts. The website also hosts over 200 interactive self-assessment exercises to help the reader test their understanding.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „MRI in Practice “
Foreword ixPreface to the Fourth Edition xiAcknowledgments xiiiChapter 1 Basic principles 1Introduction 1Atomic structure 1Motion in the atom 2MR active nuclei 2The hydrogen nucleus 4Alignment 4Precession 8The Larmor equation 9Resonance 11The MR signal 15The free induction decay signal (FID) 16Relaxation 16T1 recovery 16T2 decay 16Pulse timing parameters 19Chapter 2 Image weighting and contrast 21Introduction 21Image contrast 21Contrast mechanisms 22Relaxation in diff erent tissues 23T1 contrast 25T2 contrast 27Proton density contrast 27Weighting 29T2* decay 31Introduction to pulse sequences 34Chapter 3 Encoding and image formation 59Encoding 59Introduction 59Gradients 60Slice selection 62Frequency encoding 65Phase encoding 69Sampling 73Data collection and imageformation 79Introduction 79K space description 80K space fi lling 81Fast Fourier transform (FFT) 86Important facts about K space 90K space traversal and gradients 96Options that fill K space 98Types of acquisition 101Chapter 4 Parameters and trade-offs 103Introduction 103Signal to noise ratio (SNR) 104Contrast to noise ratio (CNR) 123Spatial resolution 126Scan time 131Trade-offs 134Decision making 134Volume imaging 137Chapter 5 Pulse sequences 140Introduction 140Spin echo pulse sequences 141Conventional spin echo 141Fast or turbo spin echo 143Inversion recovery 151Fast inversion recovery 157STIR (short tau inversion recovery) 157FLAIR (fluid attenuated inversion recovery) 159IR prep sequences 163Gradient echo pulse sequences 164Conventional gradient echo 164The steady state and echo formation 166Coherent gradient echo 169Incoherent gradient echo (spoiled) 172Steady state free precession (SSFP) 175Balanced gradient echo 179Fast gradient echo 185Single shot imaging techniques 186Parallel imaging techniques 193Chapter 6 Flow phenomena 198Introduction 198The mechanisms of flow 198Flow phenomena 200Time of flight phenomenon 200Entry slice phenomenon 203Intra-voxel dephasing 206Flow phenomena compensation
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207Introduction 207Even echo rephasing 207Gradient moment rephasing (nulling) 207Spatial pre-saturation 210Chapter 7 Artefacts and their compensation 225Introduction 225Phase mismapping 225Aliasing or wrap around 234Chemical shift artefact 243Out of phase artefact (chemical misregistration) 244Truncation artefact 249Magnetic susceptibility artefact 250Cross-excitation and cross-talk 252Zipper artefact 255Shading artefact 256Moiré artefact 256Magic angle 257Chapter 8 Vascular and cardiac imaging 261Introduction 261Conventional MRI vascular imaging techniques 262Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) 269Cardiac MRI 290Cardiac gating 291Peripheral gating 298Pseudo-gating 300Multiphase cardiac imaging 300Ciné 301SPAMM 304Chapter 9 Instrumentation and equipment 307Introduction 307Magnetism 309Permanent magnets 312Electromagnets 314Superconducting electromagnets 317Fringe fields 321Shim coils 322Gradient coils 323Radio frequency (RF) 330Patient transportation system 337MR computer systems and the user interface 337Chapter 10 MRI safety 341Introduction 341Government guidelines 342Safety terminology 343Hardware and magnetic field considerations 345Radio frequency fields 346Gradient magnetic fields 349The main magnetic field 351Projectiles 355Siting considerations 357MRI facility zones 358Safety education 360Protecting the general public from the fringe field 360Implants and prostheses 361Devices and monitors in MRI 367Pacemakers 367Patient conditions 368Safety policy 369Safety tips 370Reference 371Chapter 11 Contrast agents in MRI 372Introduction 372Mechanism of action of contrast agents 373Molecular tumbling 373Dipole-dipole interactions 375Magnetic susceptibility 376Relaxivity 378Gadolinium safety 380Other contrast agents 383Current applications of gadolinium contrast agents 385Conclusion 393Chapter 12 Functional imaging techniques 396Introduction 396Diff usion weighted imaging (DWI) 397Perfusion imaging 400Susceptibility weighting (SWI) 404Functional imaging (fMRI) 404Interventional MRI 405MR spectroscopy (MRS) 407Whole body imaging 410MR microscopy (MRM) 411Glossary 413Index 427
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Autoren-Porträt von Catherine Westbrook, Carolyn Kaut Roth, John Talbot
Catherine Westbrook MSc DCRR PgC (L&T) CTCert FHEA, is a senior lecturer and post-graduate pathway leader at the Faculty of Health & Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge where she is responsible for post-graduate courses in MRI, CT, Radiography and Radiotherapy. Cathy is also an independent teaching consultant providing teaching and assessment in MRI and radiographic related subjects to clients all over the world.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autoren: Catherine Westbrook , Carolyn Kaut Roth , John Talbot
- 2011, 4. Aufl., 456 Seiten, mit Abbildungen, Maße: 18,9 x 24,1 cm, Kartoniert (TB), Englisch
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- ISBN-10: 1444337432
- ISBN-13: 9781444337433
Sprache:
Englisch
Rezension zu „MRI in Practice “
"MRI in Practice can be recommdned for all radiologic professionals interested in MR imaging. This is a strong text for the MR student and an updated resource for the MR technologist seeking to refresh imaging concepts and be introduced to new imaging updates." ( Radiologic Technology , 1 March 2012) "Westbrook (health and social care, Anglia Ruskin U., UK) et al. provide a text on magnetic resonance imaging for radiographers, technologists, radiology residents, undergraduate and graduate students, and radiologists ... This edition has been revised and updated and has rewritten chapters on encoding and image formation and pulse sequences to include sampling, data acquisition, and the latest sequences." (Book News, 1 August 2011)
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