Philosophy of Science Complete

Preface.A Word to Instructors.A Word to Students.INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE?A Tale of Two Theories: The Story of Light.BOOK I. TRADITIONAL PROBLEMS: TRUTH, EXPLANATION, AND REALITY.PART I. BASIC TYPES OF REASONING IN SCIENCE.1. Hypotheses.2. Deductive Reasoning.3. Inductive Reasoning.4. Statistical and Probalistic Reasoning.PART II. THE SEARCH FOR TRUTH.5. Empirical Discovery of Plausible Hypotheses.6. Empirical Evaluation I: Indirect Tests and Auxiliary Hypotheses.7. Empirical Evaluation II: Crucial Tests and AD HOC Revisions.8. Theoretical Justification: Theories and Their Uses.9. Conventionalism and the Duhem-Quine Thesis.PART III. THE QUEST FOR EXPLANATION.10. Covering-Law Thesis of Explanation.11. Universal Laws of Nature.12. Probalistic Explanation and Probalistic Causality.13. Teleological Explanation, Mind, and Reductionism.14. Other Theories of Explanation: the Contextual, the Casual, and the Unificatory.PART IV. THE PURSUIT OF REALITY.15. The Classical View of Scientific Theories.16. Realism Versus Instrumentalism.17. Critiques of the Classical View.18. Antirealism I: The Empiricist Challenge.Intermezzo: So, How Does Science Work?BOOK II. SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT: RATIONALISM, EMPIRICISM, POSITIVISM, AND CONSTRUCTIVISMPART V. RATIONALISM AND EMPIRICISM.19. Rationalism and Then Empiricism.20. Problems of Empiricism IA: Hume's Problem.21. Problems of Empiricism IB: Goodman's Paradox and Hempel's Paradox.22. Problems of Empiricism II: Problem of Observation.PART VI. THE CLASSICAL DYNASTY.23. Logical Positivism.24. Popper's Falsificationism.PART VII. THE WELTANSCHAUUNG REVOLUTION.25. Introduction: Two Paradigm Theories.26. Kuhn I: Normal Science and Revolutionary Science.27. Kuhn II: Incommensurability and Relativism.PART VIII. TOWARDS HISTORY, SOCIOLOGY, AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.28. Lakatos: The Revisionist Popperian.29. Laudan: The Eclectic Historicist.30. History, Sociology, and Philosophy of Science.31. Antirealism II: The Constructivist

Edwin Hung is a recently retired Reader of Philosophy at the University of Waikato, New Zealand. He studied philosophy at Oxford University, where he obtained his doctoral degree (D.Phil.). He has been an honorary fellow of Linacre College (Oxford), a research associate at the Boston University Center of Philosophy and History of Science, and a visiting scholar at Harvard University, MIT, and the Minnesota Center for the Philosophy of Science. He has written three books and is also published widely in the fields of philosophy of science, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of logic and philosophy of language.