Solaris Internals
Solaris 10 and OpenSolaris Kernel Architecture
(Sprache: Englisch)
Solaris is a widely used version of UNIX and for the first time Solaris is open source with version 10 (released JAN 2005). This book explains--from the designers themselves--how Solaris was built and what makes it operate. It digs into the details of the...
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Klappentext zu „Solaris Internals “
Solaris is a widely used version of UNIX and for the first time Solaris is open source with version 10 (released JAN 2005). This book explains--from the designers themselves--how Solaris was built and what makes it operate. It digs into the details of the Solaris 10 kernel, discussing the modular architecture of the kernel and each major subsystem. The goal of this book is to not just describe the internal components that make the Solaris kernel tick, but to also provide guidance on putting the information to practical use with emphasis on the use of bundled tools and utilities that can be used to examine and probe a running system. Since the first edition of this title, the authors have communicated with many Solaris users, developers, and sys admins who provided feedback on the book's content and structure. In response to this feedback, Mauro and McDougall have adopted a different, easier format which now breaks each topic into three distinct sections.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „Solaris Internals “
Foreword xxviiPreface xxixAbout the Authors xxxviiAcknowledgments xxxixPart One: Introduction to Solaris Internals 1Chapter 1: Introduction 3 1.1 Key Features of Solaris 10, Solaris 9, and Solaris 8 4 1.2 Key Differentiators 12 1.3 Kernel Overview 15 1.4 Processes, Threads, and Scheduling 18 1.5 Interprocess Communication 23 1.6 Signals 25 1.7 Memory Management 26 1.8 Files and File Systems 29 1.9 Resource Management 30 Part Two: The Process Model 41Chapter 2: The Solaris Process Model 43 2.1 Components of a Process 44 2.2 Process Model Evolution 48 2.3 Executable Objects 52 2.4 Process Structures 55 2.5 Kernel Process Table 79 2.6 Process Resource Attributes 84 2.7 Process Creation 89 2.8 System Calls 98 2.9 Process Termination 106 2.10 The Process File System 110 2.11 Signals 129 2.12 Sessions and Process Groups 150 2.13 MDB Reference 156 Chapter 3: Scheduling Classes and the Dispatcher 157 3.1 Fundamentals 157 3.2 Processor Abstractions 162 3.3 Dispatcher Queues, Structures, and Variables 171 3.4 Dispatcher Locks 183 3.5 Dispatcher Initialization 190 3.6 Scheduling Classes 192 3.7 Thread Priorities 207 3.8 Dispatcher Functions 234 3.9 Preemption 246 3.10 The Kernel Sleep/Wakeup Facility 253 3.11 Interrupts 262 3.12 Summary 270 3.13 MDB Reference 271 Chapter 4: Interprocess Communication 273 4.1 The System V IPC Framework 274 4.2 System V IPC Resource Controls 282 4.3 Configuring IPC Tuneables on Solaris 10 285 4.4 System V Shared Memory 286 4.5 System V Semaphores 295 4.6 System V Message Queues 299 4.7 POSIX IPC 303 4.8 Solaris Doors 312 4.9 MDB Reference 321 Chapter 5: Process Rights Management 323 5.1 Then and Now 323 5.2 Least Privilege in Solaris 324 5.3 Process Privilege Models 325 5.4 Privilege Awareness: The Details 334 5.5 Least Privilege Interfaces 344 Part Three: Resource Management 365Chapter 6: Zones 367 6.1 Introduction 367 6.2 Zone Runtime 371 6.3 Booting Zones 375 6.4 Security 379 6.5 Process Model 386 6.6 File Systems 389 6.7 Networking 393 6.8
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Devices 398 6.9 Interprocess Communication 405 6.10 Resource Management and Observability 407 6.11 MDB Reference 414 Chapter 7: Projects, Tasks, and Resource Controls 415 7.1 Projects and Tasks Framework 415 7.2 The Project Database 418 7.3 Project and Task APIs 419 7.4 Kernel Infrastructure for Projects and Tasks 420 7.5 Resource Controls 423 7.6 Interfaces for Resource Controls 432 7.7 Kernel Interfaces for Resource Controls 437 Part Four: Memory 445Chapter 8: Introduction to Solaris Memory 447 8.1 Virtual Memory Primer 447 8.2 Two Levels of Memory 448 8.3 Memory Sharing and Protection 448 8.4 Pages: Basic Units of Physical Memory 448 8.5 Virtual-to-Physical Translation 449 8.6 Physical Memory Management: Paging and Swapping 450 8.7 Virtual Memory as a File System Cache 450 8.8 New Features of the Virtual Memory Implementation 451 Chapter 9: Virtual Memory 455 9.1 Design Overview 455 9.2 Virtual Address Spaces 457 9.3 Tracing the VM System 466 9.4 Virtual Address Space Management 467 9.5 Segment Drivers 476 9.6 Anonymous Memory 485 9.7 The Anonymous Memory Layer 487 9.8 The swapfs Layer 489 9.9 Virtual Memory Watchpoints 492 9.10 Changes to Support Large Pages 494 9.11 MDB Reference 501 Chapter 10: Physical Memory 503 10.1 Physical Memory Allocation 503 10.2 Pages: The Basic Unit of Solaris Memory 506 10.3 The Page Scanner 516 10.4 MDB Reference 525 Chapter 11: Kernel Memory 527 11.1 Kernel Virtual Memory Layout 527 11.2 Kernel Memory Allocation 534 11.3 The Vmem Allocator 552 11.4 Kernel Memory Allocator Tracing 562 11.5 MDB Reference 578 Chapter 12: Hardware Address Translation 581 12.1 HAT Overview 581 12.2 The UltraSPARC HAT Layer 583 12.3 The x64 HAT Layer 625 12.4 MDB Reference 636 Chapter 13: Working with Multiple Page Sizes in Solaris 639 13.1 Determining When to Use Large Pages 639 13.2 Measuring Application Performance 640 13.3 Configuring for Multiple Page Sizes 645 Part Five: File Systems 655Chapter 14: File System Framework 657 14.1 File System Framework 657 14.2 Process-Level File Abstractions 658 14.3 Solaris File System Framework 668 14.4 File System Modules 672 14.5 The Virtual File System (vfs) Interface 675 14.6 The Vnode 685 14.7 File System I/O 707 14.8 File Systems and Memory Allocation 718 14.9 Path-Name Management 722 14.10 The Directory Name Lookup Cache 726 14.11 The File System Flush Daemon 734 14.12 File System Conversion to Solaris 10 734 14.13 MDB Reference 736 Chapter 15: The UFS File System 737 15.1 UFS Development History 737 15.2 UFS On-Disk Format 739 15.3 The UFS Inode 751 15.4 Access Control in UFS 764 15.5 Extended Attributes in UFS 767 15.6 Locking in UFS 768 15.7 Logging 775 15.8 MDB Reference 790 Part Six: Platform Specifics 793Chapter 16: Support for NUMA and CMT Hardware 795 16.1 Memory Hierarchy Designs 796 16.2 Memory Placement Optimization Framework 799 16.3 Initial Thread Placement 802 16.4 Scheduling 802 16.5 Memory Allocation 803 16.6 Lgroup Implementation 804 16.7 MPO APIs 807 16.8 Locality Group Hierarchy 811 16.9 MPO Statistics 813 16.10 MDB Reference 814 Chapter 17: Locking and Synchronization 815 17.1 Synchronization 815 17.2 Parallel Systems Architectures 816 17.3 Hardware Considerations for Locks and Synchronization 819 17.4 Introduction to Synchronization Objects 824 17.5 Mutex Locks 827 17.6 Reader/Writer Locks 835 17.7 Turnstiles and Priority Inheritance 840 17.8 Kernel Semaphores 844 17.9 DTrace Lockstat Provider 846 Part Seven: Networking 853Chapter 18: The Solaris Network Stack 855 18.1 STREAMS and the Network Stack 855 18.2 Solaris 10 Stack: Design Goals 862 18.3 Solaris 10 Network Stack Framework 863 18.4 TCP as an Implementation of the New Framework 870 18.5 UDP 875 18.6 Synchronous STREAMS 878 18.7 IP 880 18.8 Solaris Device Driver Framework 882 18.9 Interrupt Model and NIC Speeds 891 18.10 Summary 895 18.11 MDB Reference 895 Part Eight: Kernel Services 899Chapter 19: Clocks and Timers 901 19.1 The System Clock Thread 901 19.2 Callouts and Callout Tables 904 19.3 System Time Facilities 910 19.4 The Cyclic Subsystem 912 Chapter 20: Task Queues 927 20.1 Overview of Task Queues 927 20.2 Dynamic Task Queues 928 20.3 Task Queues Kernel Programming Interfaces 932 20.4 Device Driver Interface for Task Queues 934 20.5 Task Queue Observability 935 20.6 Task Queue Implementation Notes 937 Chapter 21: kmdb Implementation 943 21.1 Introduction 943 Appendices 963Appendix A: Kernel Virtual Address Maps 965Appendix B: Adding a System Call to Solaris 971Appendix C: A Sample Procfs Utility 975Bibliography 979Index 983
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Autoren-Porträt von Richard McDougall, James Mauro
Richard McDougall is a Distinguished Engineer at Sun Microsystems, specializing in operating systems technology and systems performance. Jim Mauro is a Senior Staff Engineer in the Performance, Architecture, and Applications Engineering group at Sun Microsystems, where his most recent efforts have focused on Solaris performance on Opteron platforms.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autoren: Richard McDougall , James Mauro
- 2006, 2nd ed., XLVI, 1020 Seiten, Maße: 18,7 x 24,5 cm, Gebunden, Englisch
- Verlag: PEARSON EDUCATION
- ISBN-10: 0131482092
- ISBN-13: 9780131482098
- Erscheinungsdatum: 10.07.2006
Sprache:
Englisch
Rezension zu „Solaris Internals “
"In total, the two books Solaris Performance and Tools & Solaris Internals reviewed here present a new level of knowledge about the internals of Solaris, what they do, how they behave, and how to analyze that behavior. The books are a must for developers, system programmers, and systems administrators who work with Solaris 8, 9, or 10. They are especially useful for users of Solaris 10 and OpenSolaris because of their exploration of the new tools in those releases. These books receive my highest recommendation. "-Peter Baer Galvin, Contributing Editor, Sys Admin Magazine
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