Statistical Physics
An Entropic Approach
(Sprache: Englisch)
This undergraduate textbook provides students with a statistical mechanical foundation to the classical laws of thermodynamics through a comprehensive treatment of the basics of classical thermodynamics, equilibrium statistical mechanics, irreversible...
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Produktinformationen zu „Statistical Physics “
This undergraduate textbook provides students with a statistical mechanical foundation to the classical laws of thermodynamics through a comprehensive treatment of the basics of classical thermodynamics, equilibrium statistical mechanics, irreversible thermodynamics, and statistical mechanics of non-equilibrium phenomena.
Klappentext zu „Statistical Physics “
This undergraduate textbook provides a statistical mechanical foundation to the classical laws of thermodynamics via a comprehensive treatment of the basics of classical thermodynamics, equilibrium statistical mechanics, irreversible thermodynamics, and the statistical mechanics of non-equilibrium phenomena. This timely book has a unique focus on the concept of entropy, which is studied starting from the well-known ideal gas law, employing various thermodynamic processes, example systems and interpretations to expose its role in the second law of thermodynamics. This modern treatment of statistical physics includes studies of neutron stars, superconductivity and the recently developed fluctuation theorems. It also presents figures and problems in a clear and concise way, aiding the student's understanding.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „Statistical Physics “
Preface xiii1. Disorder or Uncertainty? 1
2. Classical Thermodynamics 5
2.1 The Classical Laws of Thermodynamics 5
2.2 Macroscopic State Variables and Thermodynamic Processes 6
2.3 Properties of the Ideal Classical Gas 8
2.4 Thermodynamic Processing of the Ideal Gas 10
2.5 Entropy of the Ideal Gas 13
2.6 Entropy Change in Free Expansion of an Ideal Gas 15
2.7 Entropy Change due to Nonquasistatic Heat Transfer 17
2.8 Cyclic Thermodynamic Processes, the Clausius Inequality and Carnot's Theorem 19
2.9 Generality of the Clausius Expression for Entropy Change 21
2.10 Entropy Change due to Nonquasistatic Work 23
2.11 Fundamental Relation of Thermodynamics 25
2.12 Entropy Change due to Nonquasistatic Particle Transfer 28
2.13 Entropy Change due to Nonquasistatic Volume Exchange 30
2.14 General Thermodynamic Driving 31
2.15 Reversible and Irreversible Processes 32
2.16 Statements of the Second Law 33
2.17 Classical Thermodynamics: the Salient Points 35
Exercises 35
3. Applications of Classical Thermodynamics 37
3.1 Fluid Flow and Throttling Processes 37
3.2 Thermodynamic Potentials and Availability 39
3.2.1 Helmholtz Free Energy 40
3.2.2 Why Free Energy? 43
3.2.3 Contrast between Equilibria 43
3.2.4 Gibbs Free Energy 44
3.2.5 Grand Potential 46
3.3 Maxwell Relations 47
3.4 Nonideal Classical Gas 48
3.5 Relationship between Heat Capacities 49
3.6 General Expression for an Adiabat 50
3.7 Determination of Entropy from a Heat Capacity 50
3.8 Determination of Entropy from an Equation of State 51
3.9 Phase Transitions and Phase Diagrams 52
3.9.1 Conditions for Coexistence 53
3.9.2 Clausius-Clapeyron Equation 55
3.9.3 The Maxwell Equal Areas
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Construction 57
3.9.4 Metastability and Nucleation 59
3.10 Work Processes without Volume Change 59
3.11 Consequences of the Third Law 60
3.12 Limitations of Classical Thermodynamics 61
Exercises 62
4. Core Ideas of Statistical Thermodynamics 65
4.1 The Nature of Probability 65
4.2 Dynamics of Complex Systems 68
4.2.1 The Principle of Equal a Priori Probabilities 68
4.2.2 Microstate Enumeration 71
4.3 Microstates and Macrostates 72
4.4 Boltzmann's Principle and the Second Law 75
4.5 Statistical Ensembles 77
4.6 Statistical Thermodynamics: the Salient Points 78
Exercises 79
5. Statistical Thermodynamics of a System of Harmonic Oscillators 81
5.1 Microstate Enumeration 81
5.2 Microcanonical Ensemble 83
5.3 Canonical Ensemble 84
5.4 The Thermodynamic Limit 88
5.5 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 91
5.6 Generalisation 91
Exercises 92
6. The Boltzmann Factor and the Canonical Partition Function 95
6.1 Simple Applications of the Boltzmann Factor 95
6.1.1 Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution 95
6.1.2 Single Classical Oscillator and the Equipartition Theorem 97
6.1.3 Isothermal Atmosphere Model 98
6.1.4 Escape Problems and Reaction Rates 99
6.2 Mathematical Properties of the Canonical Partition Function 99
6.3 Two-Level Paramagnet 101
6.4 Single Quantum Oscillator 103
6.5 Heat Capacity of a Diatomic Molecular Gas 104
6.6 Einstein Model of the Heat Capacity of Solids 105
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3.9.4 Metastability and Nucleation 59
3.10 Work Processes without Volume Change 59
3.11 Consequences of the Third Law 60
3.12 Limitations of Classical Thermodynamics 61
Exercises 62
4. Core Ideas of Statistical Thermodynamics 65
4.1 The Nature of Probability 65
4.2 Dynamics of Complex Systems 68
4.2.1 The Principle of Equal a Priori Probabilities 68
4.2.2 Microstate Enumeration 71
4.3 Microstates and Macrostates 72
4.4 Boltzmann's Principle and the Second Law 75
4.5 Statistical Ensembles 77
4.6 Statistical Thermodynamics: the Salient Points 78
Exercises 79
5. Statistical Thermodynamics of a System of Harmonic Oscillators 81
5.1 Microstate Enumeration 81
5.2 Microcanonical Ensemble 83
5.3 Canonical Ensemble 84
5.4 The Thermodynamic Limit 88
5.5 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 91
5.6 Generalisation 91
Exercises 92
6. The Boltzmann Factor and the Canonical Partition Function 95
6.1 Simple Applications of the Boltzmann Factor 95
6.1.1 Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution 95
6.1.2 Single Classical Oscillator and the Equipartition Theorem 97
6.1.3 Isothermal Atmosphere Model 98
6.1.4 Escape Problems and Reaction Rates 99
6.2 Mathematical Properties of the Canonical Partition Function 99
6.3 Two-Level Paramagnet 101
6.4 Single Quantum Oscillator 103
6.5 Heat Capacity of a Diatomic Molecular Gas 104
6.6 Einstein Model of the Heat Capacity of Solids 105
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Autoren-Porträt von Ian Ford
Ian FordDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, UK
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autor: Ian Ford
- 2013, 1. Auflage, 280 Seiten, Maße: 16,9 x 24,4 cm, Kartoniert (TB), Englisch
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- ISBN-10: 1119975301
- ISBN-13: 9781119975304
- Erscheinungsdatum: 28.05.2013
Sprache:
Englisch
Pressezitat
"Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates." ( Choice , 1 March 2014)"The best choice is finally that the entropy is uncertainty commodified". The reviewer believes that the aim of the book is evident and it is worthwhile to make a detailed study of it from time to time." ( Zentralblatt MATH, 1 October 2013)
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