Strategic Medical Science Against Brain Attack

1. Strategies using neuritic reconstruction and neuroregeneration.- Neural stem cells as a tool for cell transplantation.- Repair of mammalian central nervous pathways: attempts to reconstruct normal neural connetions with marked functional recovery.- 2. Strategies of neuroprotection.- The MEK/ERK pathway as a target for stroke therapy.- Redox regulation in neuronal damage during brain ischemia-The role of thioredoxin in ischemic neuronal death.- Structure and functions of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) as a neurotrophic factor.- Neurite outgrowth-promoting prostaglandins that act as neuroprotective agents against brain ischemia and may enhance recovery of higher neuronal functions.- 3. Strategies using survival or death signals in neurons.- Molecular mechanisms of neuronal survival; Roles of kinases in ischemic cell death.- Gene expression and manipulation in injured neurons.- 4. Strategies for and from cortical spreading depression.- Brain ischemia and spreading depression in a primate model.- Infarct tolerance induced by repetitive cortical spreading depression is reproduced by prolonged intracerebral infusion of recombinant brain-derived neurotrophic factor.- 5. Strategies using hypothermia.- The importance of thermal changes in the pathophysiology of stroke: Post-stroke fever and hypothermia therapy.- Cerebrovascular disease and hypothermia Part I: Effects of mild hypothermia in the management of cerebrovascular disease.- Cerebrovascular disease and hypothermia Part II: An experimental approach for ischemic neuronal death.- Neuroprotection by mild hypothermia for temporary or permanent focal ischemia.- 6. Strategies for cerebral aneurysm and vasospasm.- The roles of MMPs for cerebral aneurysm formation.- Systemically administeredthrombin inhibitors can prevent neointimal formation and cerebral vasospasm: The possible role of thrombin and PDGF-BB in vascular pathogeneses.- Cerebral vasospasm induced by the interaction between