The Sand Lizard
Between light and shadow
(Sprache: Englisch)
The lives of sand lizards are characterised by light and shadow. Sand lizards are particular and selective creatures; living close to one another and favouring structurally diverse areas of vegetation scattered with patches of open ground in which to lay...
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The lives of sand lizards are characterised by light and shadow. Sand lizards are particular and selective creatures; living close to one another and favouring structurally diverse areas of vegetation scattered with patches of open ground in which to lay their eggs. This is their ideal habitat, their home; where their white and dark markings cleverly disguise their delicate body contours against dappled vegetation shadows that provide the perfect camouflage.The sand lizard is a strictly protected species, as listed in the Habitats Directive of the European Union. In countries such as Great Britain where the species is at the geographic limits of its large range, the lizards are endangered and confined to locations that contain their ideal habitat. In the central areas of their Eurasian range, sand lizards are widespread and found in a variety of habitats across many different landscapes.There are marked differences within and between populations in social behaviour, activity patterns and use of space. These differences appear to the researcher, to be as varied as the dorsal markings of sand lizard themselves.This book is a consolidation of sand lizard literature which presents our current knowledge and understanding of the species. It is aimed at the enthusiast, those working in the ecological sector and in site management. The chapters are wide-ranging and review the general appearance, systematics and distribution of the sand lizard across its entire range then examine their diet, behaviour, threats, habitat and population ecology. The reader is taken on a seasonal journey from the emergence of the first lizard in spring to the retreat of juveniles into hibernation. This book also contains valuable practical conservation advice and provides examples of best practice when working to ensure the longevity of our sand lizard populations at a time when development pressure is fierce.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „The Sand Lizard “
1Introduction2Description and systematics2.1Nomenclature2.2Colouration, pattern and scalation2.3Morphometric data2.4Systematics and phylogeny3Distribution3.1General distribution3.2Distribution in Eurasia3.3Distribution in Great Britain4The habitats4.1General habitat requirements4.2Basking sites4.3Shelters and retreats4.4Egg-laying sites and winter quarters4.5Vegetation and habitat types5Lizards as predators and prey5.1Diet of sand lizards5.1.1Prey acquisition and hunting methods5.1.2Prey spectrum and size5.1.3Food quantity5.1.4Water absorption5.2Adversities: predators, parasites and injuries5.2.1The anti-predatory strategy of the sand lizard5.2.2Autotomy5.2.3Predators5.2.4Miscellaneous injuries5.2.5Parasite infestations6Activity patterns and phenology6.1Thermoregulation6.2Detectability and activity6.3Daily activity6.4Phenology6.5Hibernation7Reproduction7.1The mating period7.1.1Period of matings7.1.2Male-male interactions7.1.3Mating behaviour7.2Sexual maturity and reproductive cost7.2.1Sexual maturity and participation in the reproduction7.2.2Reproductive cost and clutch sizes7.3From oviposition to hatching7.3.1Timing of oviposition7.3.2Oviposition and parental care7.3.3Location and structure of oviposition sites7.3.4Incubation and hatching8Space utilisation8.1Strategies of space utilisation8.2Home ranges of sand lizards8.3Migration and dispersal potential9The populations9.1Age groups and growth rates9.2Life expectancy and mortality rates9.3Population structure9.4Population sizes and densities9.5Dispersal 9.6Minimum habitat areas10Threats10.1Status and Red Lists10.2Causes of decline10.2.1Loss of habitats10.2.2Isolation of habitats and inbreeding10.2.3Manipulation of populations10.2.4Management and planning10.2.5Acoustic barriers11Conservation11.1General conservation and legislative protection11.2The sand lizard as an indicator and umbrella species11.3Habitat management11.4Creation, enhancement and connection of habitats11.5Mitigation measures11.5.1Legal requirements
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and avoiding harm in project planning11.5.2Conservation of retained habitats with animals for recolonisation11.5.3Mitigation translocations11.6Captive breeding and conservation translocation12References
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Bibliographische Angaben
- Autoren: Ina Blanke , Helen Fearnley
- 2015, 192 Seiten, 15 farbige Abbildungen, Maße: 21 cm, Kartoniert (TB), Englisch
- Verlag: Laurenti
- ISBN-10: 3933066557
- ISBN-13: 9783933066558
Sprache:
Englisch
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