Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Nerve Blocks

FUNDAMENTALS.- Basic principles.- Doppler and Sonoelastographic Imaging.- Normal anatomy NORMAL US ANATOMY AND SCANNING TECHNIQUE.- Basic principles and US scanning technique.- Brachial plexus.- Upper limb peripheral nerves.- Lower limb peripheral nerves.- US PATHOLOGIC FINDINGS.- Compressive syndrome.- Traumatic injuries.- Tumors and tumor-like conditions.- NERVE ENTRAPMENT SYNDROME.- Physiopathologic findings.- Clinical and sonographic considerations.-  Entrapment syndromes: the upper limb.- Entrapment syndromes: the lower limb.- USGUIDED NERVE BLOCKS: PROCEDURE TECHNIQUE.- General considerations.- Indications and contraindications.- Setting and patient preparation.- Drugs and materials requirements.- US guidance and Navigation systems.- Interscalene block.-  Supraclavicular block.- Infraclavicular block.- Axillary block.- Median nerve block.- Ulnar nerve block.- Radial nerve block.- Thoracic paravertebral block.- Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block.- Rectus sheat block.- Lumbar plexus block.- Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerve block. - Lateral femoral-cutaneous nerve block.- Femoral nerve block.- Saphenous nerve block.- Sciatic nerve block.- Popliteus nerve block.- Tibial nerve block. - Ankle block.

Enzo Silvestri is a specialist in diagnostic imaging and has been chief of the Department of Diagnostic Imaging at Ospedale Evangelico Interanzionale in Genoa (Italy) since 2008. He is also a consultant for a number of sport associations and Italian soccer teams. Dr.Silvestri gained his degree in medicine and surgery from the University of Genoa in 1983, where he also completed his specialization in diagnostic imaging in 1987. Between 1987 and 2008, he combined his radiological practice with teaching and research at the Institute of Radiology at the University of Genoa (Italy). In 2017 he was elected president of the Musculoskeletal Radiology Section of the Italian Society of Radiology (SIRM) .

He has presented original research at a number of congresses and is the author of more than 300 publications in national and international journals.

Fabio Martino completed his medical studies at Bari University's School of Medicine. He started his specialty training in radiology at the university's Radiology School in 1977 and was attending radiologist at the Institute of Radiology there between 1978 and 1981. He completed his fellowships in management in radiology and in thoracic and musculoskeletal radiology research. In 1999 he became chief of radiology at the Department at Giovanni XXIII Paediatric Hospital of Bari, Italy. In 2009 he became (and currently is) consultant radiologist at the Territorial Sanitary Department of Bari (A.S.L. Bari), Italy. In 2006, he was elected as president of the Musculoskeletal Section of the Italian Society of Radiology. Martino's areas of research include musculoskeletal and thoracic imaging, paediatric radiology, quality management in radiology and health services. His publications focus on musculoskeletal imaging, ultrasound and paediatric radiology.

Filomena Puntillo is assistant professor of anaesthesia and pain therapy at the Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Italy and