Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language

Preface.
Introductory.

The Wittgensteinian Paradox.

The Solution and the Private Language Argument.

Postscript Wittgenstein and Other Minds.

Index.

Born in Bay Shore, New York, the son of a rabbi (Myer Samuel) and a writer (Dorothy Karp), Saul Kripke demonstrated his genius to his startled parents when he was only 3 years old. He not only drew the logical consequences of ordinary beliefs, but also solved intricate problems in mathematics. As a child prodigy, he was presented by his father to distinguished mathematicians and philosophers, who were overwhelmed by his talents. His father introduced him at the age of 15 to a group of eminent mathematicians, headed by Haskell B. Curry. From his debut grew his first published article, "A Completeness Theorem in Modal Logic," which appeared in the Journal of Symbolic Logic . Kripke s boyhood genius did not flicker out in the 1960s, when he studied at Harvard, Oxford, Princeton and Rockefeller University or, more accurately, when he worked independently at these institutions and had occasional contact with his surroundings. His academic training was unique. He ascended directly to full professorships, without ever earning a doctorate. In fact, his highest academic degree was a B.A. from Harvard University, which he received in 1962. Kripke never earned a doctorate, because no academician could be found to teach him. Consequently, the universities let him alone and admitted him to their faculties when he said he was ready. Slow to publish his lectures, Kripke nonetheless released a few articles, which he published exclusively in technical journals of philosophy and mathematics. So far his work has extended the boundaries of the most abstruse field of analytic philosophy, modal logic. He is esteemed for having invented the quantitative formulations of modality and for having opened up the ontological territory of possible worlds. At the age of 36, he was appointed James McCosh Professor of Philosophy at Princeton University. Kripke s awards include a Fulbright Fellowship (1962), Guggenheim Fellowship (1968), and a Fellowship from the American Council of Learned Societies

"Saul Kripke has thought uncommonly hard about the central argumentof Wittgenstein s Philosophical Investigations and produces anuncommonly clear and vivid account of that argument ... clearly andcompellingly presented ... an exemplary piece of exposition." TimesLiterary Supplement "A detailed examination of what is clearly acentral theme in Wittgenstein s writings." Times Higher EducationSupplement "Kripke does bring a whole range of things into focus ina striking and provocative way ... What Kripke has achieved, Ithink, is the first successful translation of what Wittgenstein wassaying into the idiom of the contemporary Anglo-American mainstreamin philosophy ... full of excellent things." ( AustralasianJournal of Philosophy )
"Saul Kripke has thought uncommonly hard about the centralargument of Wittgenstein s Philosophical Investigations andproduces an uncommonly clear and vivid account of that argument ...clearly and compellingly presented ... an exemplary piece ofexposition." ( Times Literary Supplement )

"A detailed examination of what is clearly a central theme inWittgenstein s writings." ( Times Higher EducationSupplement )