An Introduction to Evolutionary Ethics (PDF)

Introduction: A Philosopher and a Biologist Walk into a Bar .... Part I: From "Selfish Genes" to Moral Beings: Moral Psychology after Darwin:. 1. Natural Selection and Human Nature. 1.1. The Basic Story. 1.2. Some Common Misunderstandings. 1.3. Mother Nature as Tinkerer. 1.4. Evolutionary Psychology and Human Nature. 1.5. An Evolved Mental Tool-Box. 1.6. Some (More) Common Misunderstandings. 1.7. Conclusion. 2. The (Earliest) Roots of Right. 2.1. Together We Stand?. 2.2. Inclusive Fitness and the "Gene's-Eye" Point of View. 2.3. Love Thy Neighbor -- But Love Thy Family First. 2.4. False Positives and Core Systems. 2.5. A Quick Note on "Altruism". 2.6. Reciprocal Altruism. 2.7. Conclusion. 3. The Caveman's Conscience: The Evolution of Human Morality. 3.1. What Makes Moral Creatures Moral. 3.2. The Evolution of Morality. 3.3. Explaining the Nature of Moral Judgments. 3.4. Conclusion. 4. Just Deserts. 4.1. The Ultimatum Game. 4.2. The Public Goods Game. 4.3. Winners Don't Punish. 4.4. The Benefits of Guilt. 4.5. A Lamb among Lions?. 4.6. An Explanation for All of Morality?. 4.7. Universal Morality or Universal Reason?. 4.8. Conclusion. 5. The Science of Virtue and Vice. 5.1. Distress Test. 5.2. Mind-Reading. 5.3. "Them's the Rules". 5.4. Moral Innateness and the Linguistic Analogy. 5.5. Switchboards, Biases, and Affective Resonances. 5.6. Non-Nativist Doubts. 5.7. Conclusion. Part II: From "What Is" to "What Ought To Be": Moral Philosophy after Darwin:. 6. Social Harmony: The Good, the Bad, and the Biologically Ugly. 6.1. From the Great Chain of Being, to the Tree of Life, to Morality. 6.2. Uprooting the Tree of Life. 7. Hume's Law. 7.1. Deductively Valid Arguments. 7.2. You Can't Get Out What You Don't Put In. 7.3. "Of the Last Consequence". 7.4. Blocking the Move from Might to Right. 7.5. Darwinism and Preserving the Human Species. 7.6. Conclusion. 8. Moore's Naturalistic Fallacy. 8.1. The Open Question Test. 8.2. Failing the Open Question Test: Desiring to Desire.

Scott M. James is Assistant Professor of Philosophy in the Department of Philosophy and Religion at the University of North Carolina, Wilmington. He has published work on evolutionary ethics in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research and the Australasian Journal of Philosophy.

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