Energy and Climate (PDF)

SCI Preface. Preface. About the Author. Introduction. 1. Energy in a Globalised World. The fundamental role of energy in the economy. Current predominance of fossil energies. Uses of energy. Restricted number of suppliers. Energy and globalisation of the economy. The increasing role of the emerging countries Future outlook. 2. Growing Risks Ahead. The risks associated with energy consumption. The growing demand. Unequal access to energy. Risks for the long-term energy supply. Greater vulnerability of consumer countries. Dependency of transport on oil. Effects of energy consumption on the environment at local and regional levels. Risks for the environment at world level. Growing threats. Interruption in the supply of hydrocarbons. An environmental disaster. 3. The Threat of Climate Change. A major risk for the planet. The greenhouse effect. The impact of greenhouse gas emissions on climate change. Symptoms of climate change. Positive retroaction and tipping points. Kyoto protocol and post-Kyoto. The factor 4 problem. The current trend. Urgency of the actions to be undertaken. 4. The Essential Energy Transition. The need for change. Threats to be removed. Acting from a perspective of sustainable development. The need for global regulation and governance. Energy alternatives. A long transition. Making the transition. The need to innovate. Means of action. Energy supply and demand axis. Carbon balance axis. A global transition. 5. Reducing Energy Consumption, while Protecting the Environment. From megawatts to negawatts. The evolution of the energy intensity. Renewing the organisation of housing and Transport. Towards the positive energy building. Reduction of energy consumption in the transport sector. Hybrid propulsion. Energy storage. New agricultural production modes. More efficient industrial processes. Waste treatment and materials recycling. Research actions required. 6. Reducing the Energy Carbon Content. The carbon content of the primary energy supply. Carbon

Dr Alexandre Rojey was, until recently, Director for Sustainable Development at IFP (Institut Français du Pétrole) in France, responsible for new developments in the energy sector such as the use of hydrogen, long term energy supply and issues related to global climate change including CO2 capture and storage. He is also the Chairman of CEDIGAZ, an international association in the area of natural gas, and an active member of IDé Es (for Innovation, Developpement durable, Energie et Société), a think tank concerned with energy and sustainable development in France. He graduated from the Ecole Centrale de Lyon, one of the most prestigious French engineering colleges and has contributed to more than 70 publications including six books. He also holds over 100 worldwide patents.

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