OECD Trade Policy Studies Overcoming Border Bottlenecks: The Costs and Benefits of Trade Facilitation (PDF)
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International trade has grown rapidly in recent years, thanks in part to the progressive reduction of tariffs and quotas through successive rounds of multilateral trade liberalisation. However, this progress brings to light one of the remaining weak links of international trade, which prevents countries from drawing full benefits from the advantages of open global markets: border bottlenecks generated by inefficient, outdated and complex trade procedures and formalities.
This book brings together six studies that examine to what extent and in which ways the costs of inefficient border processes influence trade and investment flows, how institutional and political factors affect the design and implementation of efficiency-enhancing measures, whether the expected benefits of these measures enough to justify the expenses of putting them in place, and whether the expenses involved are within the reach of developing and least developed countries, especially in light of other development priorities.
Trade Facilitation Reform in the Service of Development
by
Evdokia Moise
The aim of this chapter is to deepen understanding of the costs and benefits of trade facilitation for developing countries, as well as the costs of not undertaking trade facilitation. It focuses particularly on customs operations and customs reform undertaken recently in a number of developing countries, reviewing the key problems that such reforms have sought to overcome, the approaches that countries have adopted to address them, and the resultp. The discussion is supported by illustrative country case studies, to explore in further detail the rationale, the methods and the results of reform.
Introduction
Trade facilitation and the benefits it can bring to the world economy as well as to individual countries have lately been the subject of considerable attention in OECD countriep. A number of studies have attempted to produce broad quantitative estimates (OECD, 2001. All these studies look specifically at the effects of trade facilitation on business activity, or, in the case of quantitative estimates, on the wider impact on the world economy.
However, the specific situation of developing countries and the impact customs reform in general and trade facilitation endeavours in particular may have on their economic welfare warrants particular consideration. As developing countries seek ways to leverage trade for economic growth, policy tools and reform measures aimed at reducing border barriers to trade may provide a welcome tool for development.
This chapter seeks to deepen understanding of the costs and benefits of trade facilitation as well as the costs of not undertaking trade facilitation. It focuses particularly on customs operations and customs reform, although reference is also made to related areas, like port management, phytosanitary controls or logistics.1 The country information
The chapter first examines the main drivers that have motivated reform endeavours and the key problems that such reforms have sought to overcome. Next are explored the types of institutional and resource-related weaknesses underlying the problems at hand and the approaches that governments have adopted to address them. Then, the results that reforms have produced are reviewed, in terms of improved revenue collection, enhanced management efficiency, reduced clearance times and business burden, as well as investment attractivenesp. Finally, some conclusions are presented.
The drivers of reform Building momentum Customs is one of the oldest government institutionp. Until recently their modes of operation had changed very little over time in both developed and developing countriep. In the last decades, however, customs administrations have undertaken important reforms and gradually adopted substantially different modes of operation, and even different operating philosophiep. The reason for these recent transformations is a significantly changed operating environment both for government agencies overseeing international trade and for the business community. A number of factors are particularly important.
- 2009, 240 Seiten, Englisch
- Herausgegeben: OECD (Ed.)
- Verlag: OECD Paris
- ISBN-10: 9264056955
- ISBN-13: 9789264056954
- Erscheinungsdatum: 01.01.2009
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