Pragmatics across Languages and Cultures / Handbooks of Pragmatics Bd.7 (PDF)
(Sprache: Englisch)
This handbook provides a comprehensive overview, as well as breaking new ground, in a versatile and fast growing field. It contains four sections: Contrastive, Cross-cultural and Intercultural Pragmatics, Interlanguage Pragmatics, Teaching and Testing of...
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This handbook provides a comprehensive overview, as well as breaking new ground, in a versatile and fast growing field. It contains four sections: Contrastive, Cross-cultural and Intercultural Pragmatics, Interlanguage Pragmatics, Teaching and Testing of Second/Foreign Language Pragmatics, and Pragmatics in Corporate Culture Communication, covering a wide range of topics, from speech acts and politeness issues to Lingua Franca and Corporate Crises Communication. The approach is theoretical, methodological as well as applied, with a focus on authentic, interactional data. All articles are written by renowned leading specialists, who provide in-depth, up-to-date overviews, and view new directions and visions for future research.
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7. Exploring the pragmatics of interlanguage pragmatics: Definition by design (p. 219-220) Kathleen Bardovi-Harlig
1. Definitions of interlanguage pragmatics
In this handbook series, pragmatics is understood in a broad sense as the scientific study of all aspects of linguistic behavior. These aspects include patterns of linguistic action, language functions, types of inferences, principles of communication, frames of knowledge, attitude, and belief, as well as organizational principles of text and discourse. Pragmatics deals with meaning-in-context, which for analytical purposes can be viewed from different perspectives (the speaker’s, recipient’s, analyst’s, etc.). It bridges the gap between the system side of language and the use side, and relates both of them at the same time.
Interlanguage pragmatics brings the study of acquisition to this mix of structure and use.1 The principle participants are learners or speakers of second or foreign languages.2 Interlanguage pragmatics is often defined as the study of nonnative speakers’ use and acquisition of L2 pragmatics knowledge (Kasper 1996: 145). However, the study of interlanguage pragmatics has not typically been as broad as the areas outlined by the definition of pragmatics used in the handbook.
The study of pragmatics has not always been conceptualized as broadly, either. Levinson (1983) observed that the study of pragmatics traditionally encompassed at least five main areas: Deixis, conversational implicature, presupposition, speech acts, and conversational structure. Within second language studies, work in pragmatics has often been narrower than in the field of pragmatics at large, including the investigation of speech acts and to a lesser extent conversational structure and conversational implicature. It is also broader, investigating areas traditionally considered to be sociolinguistics, such as address terms, for
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example (Stalnaker 1972). In fact, the line between sociolinguistics and pragmatics was not clear in the early days of interlanguage pragmatics research. Reports on speech acts often appeared under the banner of sociolinguistics in venues such as the TESOL Sociolinguistics Colloquium, where much new work was presented, and in published volumes, such as Sociolinguistics and second language acquisition (Wolfson and Judd 1983).
The dominant area of investigation within interlanguage pragmatics has been the speech act. The dominance of this area of investigation can be seen in the boundaries set by Kasper and Dahl in their 1991 methodological review:
Interlanguage pragmatics will be defined in a narrow sense, referring to nonnative speakers’ (NNSs’) comprehension and production of speech acts, and how their L2-related speech act knowledge is acquired. Studies addressing conversational management, discourse organization, or sociolinguistic aspects of language use such as choice of address terms will be outside the scope of this article (Kasper and Dahl 1991: 216).
Narrowing the focus to speech acts allowed Kasper and Dahl to review the best represented area of investigation, and thus to compare approaches to data collection across many studies.
The following year brings a broader definition of interlanguage pragmatics which includes politeness in addition to illocutionary force, a concept central to the speech act framework (Kasper 1992):
Typical issues addressed in data-based [interlanguage pragmatics] studies are whether NNS differ from NS in the 1) range and 2) contextual distribution of 3) strategies and 4) linguistic forms used to convey 5) illocutionary meaning and 6) politeness-precisely the kinds of issues raised in comparative studies of different communities … Interlanguage pragmatics has predominantly been the sociolinguistic, and to a much lesser extent a psycholinguistic [or acquisitional] study of NNS’ linguistic action. (p. 205)
The dominant area of investigation within interlanguage pragmatics has been the speech act. The dominance of this area of investigation can be seen in the boundaries set by Kasper and Dahl in their 1991 methodological review:
Interlanguage pragmatics will be defined in a narrow sense, referring to nonnative speakers’ (NNSs’) comprehension and production of speech acts, and how their L2-related speech act knowledge is acquired. Studies addressing conversational management, discourse organization, or sociolinguistic aspects of language use such as choice of address terms will be outside the scope of this article (Kasper and Dahl 1991: 216).
Narrowing the focus to speech acts allowed Kasper and Dahl to review the best represented area of investigation, and thus to compare approaches to data collection across many studies.
The following year brings a broader definition of interlanguage pragmatics which includes politeness in addition to illocutionary force, a concept central to the speech act framework (Kasper 1992):
Typical issues addressed in data-based [interlanguage pragmatics] studies are whether NNS differ from NS in the 1) range and 2) contextual distribution of 3) strategies and 4) linguistic forms used to convey 5) illocutionary meaning and 6) politeness-precisely the kinds of issues raised in comparative studies of different communities … Interlanguage pragmatics has predominantly been the sociolinguistic, and to a much lesser extent a psycholinguistic [or acquisitional] study of NNS’ linguistic action. (p. 205)
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Autoren-Porträt
Anna Trosborg, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
Bibliographische Angaben
- 2010, 1. Auflage, 656 Seiten, Englisch
- Herausgegeben: Anna Trosborg
- Verlag: Walter de Gruyter
- ISBN-10: 311021444X
- ISBN-13: 9783110214444
- Erscheinungsdatum: 31.08.2010
Abhängig von Bildschirmgröße und eingestellter Schriftgröße kann die Seitenzahl auf Ihrem Lesegerät variieren.
eBook Informationen
- Dateiformat: PDF
- Größe: 2.06 MB
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Sprache:
Englisch
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