Emerging and Reemerging Viral Pathogens

1. General introduction of emergence and reemergence pathogens: emerging and reemerging viral pathogens 2. human re-emerging arboviral diseases of the late twenty-first century: from ecological-epidemiology to control strategies 3. Viral emerging pathogen evolution 4. Human viruses: emergence and evolution 5. The arenaviridae 6. Ecoepidemiology of alphaviruses and flaviviruses 7. Coronaviridae: 100,000 years of emergence and re-emergence 8. The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV): An emerging virus of global threat 9. Hepatitis c virus and human herpesvirus 8: immunological response, modification of cell metabolism, and association with type 2 diabetes 10. Human immunodeficiency virus: a brief review 11. Ebola and marburg virus: a brief review 12. Undifferentiated tropical viral fevers in latin america 13. Chikungunya virus: a brief review of the thematic 14. Cytomegalovirus: an oncomodulator and therapeutic target in glioma management 15. Orthobunyavirusfamily of emerging viruses 16. Dengue virus 17. Oncoviruses: viruses' role in common human tumors 18. Oncogenic viruses 19. Noroviruses, sapoviruses and aichi viruses' emergence in wastewater associated with viral pandemic gastroenteritis 20. Rotaviruses, astroviruses and adenoviruses emergence and circulation in wastewater causing acute viral gastroenteritis 21. Prion diseases: conformational changes of a protein create an unconventional infectious agent 22. Vitamin D involvement in the viral etiology in emergent and reemergent in the chronic diseases 23. Viral etiology involved in the emergence of breast cancer 24. Emergence of oncogenic high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) types and cervical cancer 25. Status of helicobacter pylori coinfection with epstein-barr virus in gastric cancer 26. 90 years of dna methylation 27. Emerging and re-emerging viral zoonotic diseases concepts, factors of emergence and re-emergency globalization of health threats 28. Capripoxvirus diseases: current updates