An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory

Acknowledgments xv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Where to Start 1 1.2 What this Book is and is Not, and How to Use It 5 1.3 Further Reading 6 2 Morphology: Starting with Words 9 2.1 Words Come in Categories 10 2.2 Words are Made of Smaller Units: Morphemes 17 2.3 Morphemes Combine in Regular Ways 18 2.4 Apparent Exceptions to the RHHR 32 2.5 Morphological Atoms 35 2.6 Compositionality and Recursion 36 2.7 Conclusion 37 3 Syntactic Analysis Introduced 43 3.1 Word Order 44 3.2 Constituency 47 3.3 Syntactic Productivity 48 3.4 Substitution 50 3.5 Ellipsis 58 3.6 Coordination 62 3.7 Movement and Other Distortions 68 3.8 Some More Complex Distortion Experiments, Briefly 74 3.9 Some More Practice 75 3.10 Some Other Evidence of Constituency 76 3.11 Conclusion 78 4 Clauses 87 4.1 Full Clauses: CPs 87 4.2 Tense Phrase 94 4.3 Conclusion 98 5 Other Phrases: A First Glance 105 5.1 Verb Phrases 105 5.2 Determiner Phrases 113 5.3 Noun Phrases 116 5.4 Adjective Phrases 119 5.5 Prepositional Phrases 119 5.6 Ways to Talk About Tree Geometry 119 5.7 Conclusion 120 6 X-bar Theory and the Format of Lexical Entries 127 6.1 Review: The Model of Morphology 127 6.2 Building a Model of Syntax 129 6.3 Headedness 130 6.4 Internal Organization of Constituents 131 6.5 Some Consequences 134 6.6 Cross-categorial Symmetries 137 6.7 Subjects Across Categories: Small Clauses 138 6.8 Lexical Entries 140 6.9 The Projection Principle and Locality 146 6.10 Cross-linguistic Variation 149 6.11 Conclusion 151 7 Binding and the Hierarchical Nature of Phrase Structure 157 7.1 Anaphors 159 7.2 Pronouns 169 7.3 Non-pronominal Expressions 171 7.4 Binding Theory Summarized 172 7.5 Small Clauses and Binding Theory 173 7.6 Some Issues 174 7.7 Cross-linguistic Variation 178 7.8 Learning About Binding Relations 181 7.9 Conclusion 183 8 Apparent Violations of Locality of Selection 187 8.1 Setting the Stage 187 8.2 Topicalization: A First Case of Movement 189 8.3 Head Movement 191 8.4 Detecting Selection 206 8.5 Phrasal

Dominique Sportiche is Professor of Linguistics at the University of California, Los Angeles, École Normale Supérieure in Paris, and Institut Jean Nicod at the Paris Institut d'Étude de la Cognition. Specializing in theoretical syntax, he has published widely on the syntax and the properties of the syntax/semantics interface of English and French.

Hilda Koopman is Professor of Linguistics at the University of California, Los Angeles. Her theoretical interests include theoretical syntax and morphology and comparative syntax. She has published on a wide range of topics covering many diverse languages. Her work is often based on original fieldwork.

Edward Stabler is Professor of Linguistics at the University of California, Los Angeles. His specialty is in computational models of human syntactic analysis and learning, and he has published on a wide range of topics in mathematical and computational linguistics.

"All in all, therefore, this book should be recommended to students looking for a clear introduction to generative syntax, as well as to anyone interested in language structure. The exercises can also make it a good handbook to use as a complement to a course on syntax." ( Cercles , 1 June 2014)