Applied Petroleum Reservoir Engineering

Preface xiii Preface to the Second Edition xv About the Authors xvii Nomenclature xix Chapter 1: Introduction to Petroleum Reservoirs and Reservoir Engineering 1 1.1 Introduction to Petroleum Reservoirs 1 1.2 History of Reservoir Engineering 4 1.3 Introduction to Terminology 7 1.4 Reservoir Types Defined with Reference to Phase Diagrams 9 1.5 Production from Petroleum Reservoirs 13 1.6 Peak Oil 14 Problems 18 References 19 Chapter 2: Review of Rock and Fluid Properties 21 2.1 Introduction 21 2.2 Review of Rock Properties 21 2.3 Review of Gas Properties 24 2.4 Review of Crude Oil Properties 44 2.5 Review of Reservoir Water Properties 61 2.6 Summary 64 Problems 64 References 69 Chapter 3: The General Material Balance Equation 73 3.1 Introduction 73 3.2 Derivation of the Material Balance Equation 73 3.3 Uses and Limitations of the Material Balance Method 81 3.4 The Havlena and Odeh Method of Applying the Material Balance Equation 83 References 85 Chapter 4: Single-Phase Gas Reservoirs 87 4.1 Introduction 87 4.2 Calculating Hydrocarbon in Place Using Geological, Geophysical, and Fluid Property Data 88 4.3 Calculating Gas in Place Using Material Balance 98 4.4 The Gas Equivalent of Produced Condensate and Water 105 4.5 Gas Reservoirs as Storage Reservoirs 107 4.6 Abnormally Pressured Gas Reservoirs 110 4.7 Limitations of Equations and Errors 112 Problems 113 References 118 Chapter 5: Gas-Condensate Reservoirs 121 5.1 Introduction 121 5.2 Calculating Initial Gas and Oil 124 5.3 The Performance of Volumetric Reservoirs 131 5.4 Use of Material Balance 140 5.5 Comparison between the Predicted and Actual Production Histories of Volumetric Reservoirs 143 5.6 Lean Gas Cycling and Water Drive 147 5.7 Use of Nitrogen for Pressure Maintenance 152 Problems 153 References 157 Chapter 6: Undersaturated Oil Reservoirs 159 6.1 Introduction 159 6.2 Calculating Oil in Place and Oil Recoveries Using Geological, Geophysical, and Fluid Property Data 162 6.3 Material Balance in

Ronald E. Terry has taught chemical and petroleum engineering at the University of Kansas; petroleum engineering at the University of Wyoming; and chemical engineering and technology and engineering education at Brigham Young University, earning teaching awards at each university. He has served as acting department chair, associate dean, and in BYU's central administration. He researched enhanced oil recovery processes at Phillips Petroleum and is past president of the American Society for Engineering Education's Rocky Mountain Section. J. Brandon Rogers, project engineer at Murphy Oil Corporation, holds a degree in chemical engineering from Brigham Young University. There, he studied reservoir engineering using this text's second edition.