Atlas of Confocal Laser Scanning In-vivo Microscopy in Ophthalmology

- Introduction

- Principles of confocal in-vivo microscopy: Slit scanning techniques 

- Laser-scanning imaging plus pachymetry 

- Basics of image formation in confocal in-vivo microscopy 

- Non-contact Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy 

- Konfokale Fluoreszenzmikroskopie.  

- General anatomical considerations 

- Ex-vivo applications: Blood components 

- Pthogens 

- Ocular structures 

- In-vivo confocal laser-scanning microscopy: Tearfilm (Normal anatomy, Pathological findings) Epithelium (Normal anatomy 

- Pathological findings) 

- Corneal nerves (Normal anatomy, Subepithelial, Stromal, Pathological findings) 

- Bowman's Membrane (Normal anatomy, Pathological findings) 

- Stroma (Normal anatomy, Pathological findings) Descemet Membrane (Normal anatomy, Pathological findings, Endothelium and trabecular structures, Normal anatomy,Pathological findings) 

- Intraocular structures ( Lens, Iris) (Normal anatomy, Pathological findings, Limbal Region, Normal anatomy, Pathological findings) 

- Conjunctiva (Normal anatomy, Pathological findings) Lid (Normal anatomy, Pathological findings) 

- Promising Clinical Applications: Glaucoma surgery 

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- Alterations of the cornea on contact lens wearers Applications outside Ophthalmology: Skin 

- Oral Mucosa and Tongue 

- Gingiva and Teeth 

- In-vivo Confocal Microscopy in animal experiments: Rabbits 

- Rats 

- Mice 

- Monkeys 

- Current and Future Developments: Three-dimensional confocal laser scanning microscopy 

- Functional imaging 

- Outlook